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ditch fimbry

hurricanegrass

Habit Plants annual, cespitose, 10–35(–40) cm, glabrous; rhizomes absent. Plants perennial, cespitose, (5–)10–60 cm, bases hard, glabrous; rhizomes absent.
Leaves

polystichous, mostly spreading to ascending;

sheath margins entire;

ligule present, complete;

blades narrowly linear, to 1 mm wide, flat to shallowly involute, margins distantly scabrid, surface glabrous.

polystichous, mostly spreading-excurved, to 1/2 as long as culms;

sheaths usually entire;

ligule absent;

blades linear, 2–3 mm wide, flat or shallowly involute, margin scabrid, apex blunt.

Inflorescences

spikelets 1, terminal or 2–3 in simple anthela longer than broad, laterals subsessile;

scapes narrowly linear, coarsely ribbed, distally compressed;

involucral bracts usually 1 per spikelet, exceeding or exceeded by it.

simple or compound anthelae with numerous small pedunculate clusters of sessile spikelets;

scapes linear, distally terete, 1–2 mm thick;

involucral bracts short, usually shorter than inflorescence.

Spikelets

yellowish, mostly turgidly ovoid, 5–8 mm;

fertile scales broadly ovate, 2–3 mm, apex obtuse, entire, midrib excurrent or not.

greenish brown or yellow-brown, ovoid, 2–3 mm;

fertile scales broadly ovate, 1–1.5 mm, obtuse or apically notched, midrib not excurrent.

Flowers

stamens 3, styles 2-fid, flattened, fimbriate.

stamens usually 1;

styles 2-fid, slender, glabrous.

Achenes

near white to pale brown, lenticular-obovoid to obpyriform, 2 mm, appearing smooth under 10–20X magnification, under higher power finely longitudinally ribbed, with fine, isodiametric pits in vertical lines.

dark brown to nearly black, tumidly obovoid, rarely obscurely 3-ribbed, 1 mm, faintly striate to variously warty, faintly reticulate.

2n

= 10.

= 56.

Fimbristylis schoenoides

Fimbristylis cymosa

Phenology Fruiting summer–fall, all year in south. Fruiting all year.
Habitat Moist sands or sandy peats of roadsides, ditches, flatwoods clearings, savanna, and particularly, disturbed low, open areas Sands of sea beaches, brackish sandy open sites, often disturbed, commonly just in from mangrove or on sandy road shoulders
Elevation 1–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; tropical Asia; Africa [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; s Mexico; Central America; South America; Africa; Asia; Indian Ocean Islands; Pacific Islands; Australia
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Fimbristylis schoenoides is an unusual Fimbristylis for us, with a smooth, “eleocharis-like” appearance. The plants are mostly low and spreading-culmed, glabrous annuals of Asian origin.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

New World examples of Fimbristylis cymosa are almost exclusively bicarpellate, with bifid styles; Old World Oceania examples are tricarpellate, with trifid styles, a form not covered in this treatment.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 23, p. 124. FNA vol. 23, p. 128.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis
Sibling taxa
F. annua, F. autumnalis, F. brevivaginata, F. caroliniana, F. castanea, F. cymosa, F. decipiens, F. dichotoma, F. miliacea, F. perpusilla, F. puberula, F. squarrosa, F. thermalis, F. tomentosa, F. vahlii
F. annua, F. autumnalis, F. brevivaginata, F. caroliniana, F. castanea, F. decipiens, F. dichotoma, F. miliacea, F. perpusilla, F. puberula, F. schoenoides, F. squarrosa, F. thermalis, F. tomentosa, F. vahlii
Synonyms Scirpus schoenoides, F. inconstans F. melanospora, F. obtusifolia, F. sintenisii, F. spathacea, Scirpus obtusifolius
Name authority (Retzius) Vahl: Enum. Pl. 2: 286. (1805) R. Brown: Prodr., 228. (1810)
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