Fimbristylis decipiens |
Fimbristylis tomentosa |
|
---|---|---|
southern fimbry |
woolly fimbry |
|
Habit | Plants annual, cespitose, to 30 cm, base soft, not bulbous; rhizomes absent. | Plants annual, cespitose, to 75 cm; rhizomes absent. |
Leaves | nearly distichous, mostly spreading, to 2/3 length of culms; sheaths ciliate, sheath backs often pilose-hirsute; ligule present, complete; blades narrowly linear, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, flat or shallowly concave, margins scabrid, abaxial surface scattered-pilose, hirsute-ciliate at least proximally. |
nearly distichous, ascending, 1/2–3/4 length of culms; sheath margins ciliolate, adaxial surface sparsely to copiously hirtellous distally; ligule present, complete; blades narrowly linear, 2–4(–5) mm wide, flat to shallowly involute, margins ciliate-scabrid, abaxial surface pilose-hirsute. |
Inflorescences | anthelae simple or compound, open, divaricately branched, mostly as broad as long; scapes slender, 1 mm wide, distally slightly compressed; proximalmost involucral bract exceeding or shorter than anthela. |
anthelae compound, ascending-branched, longer than broad; scapes distally oval or flattened, glabrous to pubescent; longest involucral bract exceeding anthela. |
Spikelets | pale brown or red-brown, ovoid to lanceoloid, 5–6 mm; fertile scales broadly ovate, 1.5–2 mm, acute- to obtuse-angled, midrib short-excurrent as mucro. |
rusty brown, lanceoloid, 4–6 mm; fertile scales broadly ovate to nearly orbiculate, 2–3 mm, broadly acute, midrib excurrent as mucro or cusp. |
Flowers | stamens 1–2; styles 2-fid, flat, fimbriate. |
stamens 2; styles 2-fid, flat, fimbriate. |
Achenes | whitened-iridescent to brown, lenticular or pyriform-obovoid, 1 mm, cancellate, each face with 5–12 vertical rows of transversely oriented rectangular pits, achene margins distally papillose. |
pale to dark brown with pale umbo, lenticular-obpyriform, 1.7–2 mm, finely pitted, appearing nearly smooth, the pits in at least 20 narrow vertical rows per face. |
2n | = 20. |
= 10. |
Fimbristylis decipiens |
Fimbristylis tomentosa |
|
Phenology | Fruiting late summer–fall. | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, low pinelands, banks, and fields | Moist to wet sands, silts or peats of low fields, clearings, waste areas, stream and pond banks, very weedy in ricelands |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
|
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Asia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | In the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal plains, Fimbristylis decipiens often shares habitat with two close, likewise weedy, relatives: F. dichotoma and F. annua. From the former F. decipiens is distinguished by its annual habit, its papillose distal achene edges, and the more spreading anthela branches; from the latter it differs in its usually less papillose achene and its harder, more spreading foliage. No intergrades appear to occur among the three. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Fimbristylis tomentosa apparently was introduced with early rice culture and is rapidly expanding its range. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 126. | FNA vol. 23, p. 124. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis | Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | F. diphylla var. pluristriata, F. podocarpa | |
Name authority | Kral: Sida 4: 119, fig. 38. (1971) | Vahl: Enum. Pl. 2: 290. (1805) |
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