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hurricanegrass

Vahl's fimbristylis, Vahl's fimbry

Habit Plants perennial, cespitose, (5–)10–60 cm, bases hard, glabrous; rhizomes absent. Plants annual, cespitose, delicate, 4–15 cm, bases soft; rhizomes absent.
Leaves

polystichous, mostly spreading-excurved, to 1/2 as long as culms;

sheaths usually entire;

ligule absent;

blades linear, 2–3 mm wide, flat or shallowly involute, margin scabrid, apex blunt.

polystichous, mostly spreading or excurved, often exceeding culms;

sheaths entire, abaxially smooth or sparsely hirtellous;

ligule absent;

blades filiform, to 0.5 mm wide, somewhat involute, abaxially glabrous or ascending-strigillose.

Inflorescences

simple or compound anthelae with numerous small pedunculate clusters of sessile spikelets;

scapes linear, distally terete, 1–2 mm thick;

involucral bracts short, usually shorter than inflorescence.

terminal;

spikelets sessile or subsessile in single capitate leafy-involucrate cluster;

scapes filiform;

involucral bracts leafy, setaceous, greatly overtopping inflorescence.

Spikelets

greenish brown or yellow-brown, ovoid, 2–3 mm;

fertile scales broadly ovate, 1–1.5 mm, obtuse or apically notched, midrib not excurrent.

greenish, cylindric to lanceoloid-cylindric, 5–10 mm;

fertile scales narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm, acute, glabrous, midrib strong, excurrent as cusp.

Flowers

stamens usually 1;

styles 2-fid, slender, glabrous.

stamens 1;

styles 2-fid, slender, bulbous-based, smooth or papillate.

Achenes

dark brown to nearly black, tumidly obovoid, rarely obscurely 3-ribbed, 1 mm, faintly striate to variously warty, faintly reticulate.

pale, tumidly obovoid, 0.5–0.7 mm, cancellate, pits horizontally rectangular in 5–7 vertical rows per side.

2n

= 56.

= 20.

Fimbristylis cymosa

Fimbristylis vahlii

Phenology Fruiting all year. Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Sands of sea beaches, brackish sandy open sites, often disturbed, commonly just in from mangrove or on sandy road shoulders Moist to wet, alluvial or mineralized banks, shores, fluctuating pond and lake edges, often a “drawdown” plant around stock tanks and reservoirs
Elevation 0–50 m (0–200 ft) 0–500 m (0–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; s Mexico; Central America; South America; Africa; Asia; Indian Ocean Islands; Pacific Islands; Australia
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NE; OK; SC; TN; TX; Mexico; Central America; South America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

New World examples of Fimbristylis cymosa are almost exclusively bicarpellate, with bifid styles; Old World Oceania examples are tricarpellate, with trifid styles, a form not covered in this treatment.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 23, p. 128. FNA vol. 23, p. 127.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis
Sibling taxa
F. annua, F. autumnalis, F. brevivaginata, F. caroliniana, F. castanea, F. decipiens, F. dichotoma, F. miliacea, F. perpusilla, F. puberula, F. schoenoides, F. squarrosa, F. thermalis, F. tomentosa, F. vahlii
F. annua, F. autumnalis, F. brevivaginata, F. caroliniana, F. castanea, F. cymosa, F. decipiens, F. dichotoma, F. miliacea, F. perpusilla, F. puberula, F. schoenoides, F. squarrosa, F. thermalis, F. tomentosa
Synonyms F. melanospora, F. obtusifolia, F. sintenisii, F. spathacea, Scirpus obtusifolius Scirpus vahlii, F. apus, F. congesta, F. vincentii, Isolepis vahlii, Scirpus apus
Name authority R. Brown: Prodr., 228. (1810) (Lamarck) Link: Hort. Berol. 1: 287. (1827)
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