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banyan tree, Indian banyan

bo tree, peepul tree, sacred fig

Habit Trees, evergreen, to 30 m. Trees, evergreen, to 30 m.
Roots

aerial, often descending to ground level and forming pillar-roots Bark of trunks and older branches brown, smooth.

Bark

of trunks and older branches brown, smooth.

Branchlets

puberulent, glabrescent in age.

glabrous.

Leaves

blade ovate, 10-30 × 7-20 cm, leathery, base cordate, margins entire, apex obtuse;

surfaces abaxially puberulent, adaxially glabrous;

basal veins (2-)3-4 pairs, 1/3-1/2 length of blade, reticulations regular;

lateral veins 5-6(-7) pairs.

blade broadly ovate to ovate-orbiculate, 7-25 × 4-16 cm, thinly leathery, base rounded to truncate, margins entire, occasionally wavy, apex abruptly long-caudate or long-acuminate, tip to 2.5-9 cm;

surfaces occasionally glaucous, glabrous;

basal veins 2(-3) pairs;

lateral veins 6-9 pairs, the main veins finely reticulate.

Syconia

paired, sessile, orange or red, depressed-globose, 1.5-2 × 2-2.5 mm, pubescent; subtending bracts ovate, 3-7 mm, puberulous;

ostiole closed by 3 flat or nearly umbonate apical bracts 3-4 mm wide.

paired, sessile, dark purple, nearly globose, 1-1.5 × 1-1.5 cm, glabrous; subtending bracts ovate, 3-5 mm, silky-puberulous;

ostiole closed by 3 bracts 2-3 mm wide, umbonate.

Ficus benghalensis

Ficus religiosa

Phenology Flowering all year. Flowering all year.
Habitat Disturbed thickets Disturbed thickets
Elevation 0-10 m (0-0 ft) 0-10 m (0-0 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; Asia (native to Pakistan and India) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; Asia (native to India and Southeast Asia) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Moraceae > Ficus Moraceae > Ficus
Sibling taxa
F. americana, F. aurea, F. benjamina, F. carica, F. citrifolia, F. elastica, F. microcarpa, F. pumila, F. religiosa
F. americana, F. aurea, F. benghalensis, F. benjamina, F. carica, F. citrifolia, F. elastica, F. microcarpa, F. pumila
Synonyms Urostigma religiosum
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1059. (1753) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1059. (1753)
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