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cluster fescue

coast fescue, Elmer's fescue

Habit Plants loosely cespitose, without rhizomes. Plants loosely cespitose.
Culms

50-120 cm, glabrous.

40-100(120) cm, glabrous, erect or slightly decumbent at the base.

Sheaths

closed for less than 1/3 their length, glabrous, shredding into fibers;

Iigules (0.2)0.5-1.5 mm;

blades 2-8 mm wide, flat or loosely convolute, smooth or scabrous, veins 9-35, ribs obscure;

abaxial sclerenchyma in narrow strands;

adaxial sclerenchyma developed;

girders or pillars usually associated with the major veins.

closed for less than 1/3 their length, glabrous, smooth or slightly scabrous, shredding into fibers;

collars glabrous, smooth or slightly scabrous;

ligules 0.1-0.5(0.7) mm;

blades 1.8-6 mm wide, vegetative shoot blades narrower than the cauline blades, flat or loosely conduplicate or convolute, abaxial surfaces glabrous, adaxial surfaces slightly scabrous or pubescent, veins 7-19, ribs obscure to prominent;

abaxial sclerenchyma in narrow strands;

adaxial sclerenchyma developed;

pillars or girders present at the major veins.

Inflorescences

(5)10-20 cm, open, with 1-2 branches per node;

branches lax, ascending to spreading, spikelets clustered towards the ends of the branches, closely imbricate.

10-20 cm, open, with 1-2 branches per node;

branches lax, more or less spreading, spikelets borne towards the ends of the branches.

Spikelets

4-7(7.5) mm, elliptic to obovate, with 3-5(8) florets.

(7)7.5-11 mm, with 2-6(7) florets.

Glumes

lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, scabrous at least on the veins;

lower glumes (2.5)3-4(5) mm, usually almost as long as the adjacent lemmas;

upper glumes (3.5)4-5(5.5) mm;

lemmas 4-5(5.2) mm, stiffly chartaceous, ovate to obovate, glabrous, somewhat acute, unawned;

paleas as long as or slightly shorter than the lemmas, intercostal region smooth or scabrous distally;

anthers (0.7)1-2(2.5) mm;

ovary apices pubescent.

lanceolate, glabrous, smooth or the apices slightly scabrous, acuminate;

lower glumes 2-4 mm;

upper glumes 3-4.6 mm;

calluses wider than long, smooth or slightly scabrous, glabrous;

lemmas 5.5-7 mm, lanceolate, scabrous or puberulent, minutely bidentate, awned, awns (1.5)2-5(8) mm, subterminal, straight to slightly curved or kinked;

paleas as long as or longer than the lemmas, intercostal region puberulent distally;

anthers (3)3.4-4 mm;

ovary apices pubescent.

2n

= unknown.

= 28.

Festuca paradoxa

Festuca elmeri

Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; ON; QC
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Festuca paradoxa grows in prairies, open woods, thickets, and low open ground, from Wisconsin to Pennsylvania, south to northeastern Texas and northern Georgia. It resembles F. subverticillata (see previous), but its spikelets are more crowded on the branches.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Festuca eltneri grows on moist wooded slopes, usually below 300(500) m, from Oregon to south-central California. The more southerly populations, which have larger spikelets with 5-6, rather than 3-4, florets and a more compact inflorescence with more or less erect panicle branches, have been named F. elmeri subsp. luxurians Piper.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 402. FNA vol. 24, p. 404.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Festuca Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Festuca > subg. Subulatae > sect. Elmera
Sibling taxa
F. altaica, F. amethystina, F. arizonica, F. auriculata, F. baffinensis, F. brachyphylla, F. brevissima, F. californica, F. calligera, F. campestris, F. dasyclada, F. earlei, F. edlundiae, F. elmeri, F. filiformis, F. frederikseniae, F. glauca, F. groenlandica, F. hallii, F. heterophylla, F. hyperborea, F. idahoensis, F. lenensis, F. ligulata, F. minutiflora, F. occidentalis, F. ovina, F. prolifera, F. pseudovivipara, F. roemeri, F. rubra, F. saximontana, F. sororia, F. subulata, F. subuliflora, F. subverticillata, F. thurberi, F. trachyphylla, F. valesiaca, F. versuta, F. viridula, F. viviparoidea, F. washingtonica
F. altaica, F. amethystina, F. arizonica, F. auriculata, F. baffinensis, F. brachyphylla, F. brevissima, F. californica, F. calligera, F. campestris, F. dasyclada, F. earlei, F. edlundiae, F. filiformis, F. frederikseniae, F. glauca, F. groenlandica, F. hallii, F. heterophylla, F. hyperborea, F. idahoensis, F. lenensis, F. ligulata, F. minutiflora, F. occidentalis, F. ovina, F. paradoxa, F. prolifera, F. pseudovivipara, F. roemeri, F. rubra, F. saximontana, F. sororia, F. subulata, F. subuliflora, F. subverticillata, F. thurberi, F. trachyphylla, F. valesiaca, F. versuta, F. viridula, F. viviparoidea, F. washingtonica
Synonyms F. shortii F. howellii, F. elmeri var. conferta
Name authority Desv. Scribn. & Merr.
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