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western fescue

ravine fescue

Habit Plants densely to loosely cespitose, without rhizomes. Plants loosely cespitose, without rhizomes, with short extra-vaginal tillers.
Culms

(25)40-80(110) cm, glabrous, smooth.

60-100 (150) cm, erect, glabrous;

nodes usually exposed.

Sheaths

closed for much less than 1/2 their length, glabrous, somewhat persistent or slowly shredding into fibers;

collars glabrous;

ligules 0.1-0.4 mm, usually longer at the sides;

blades all alike, 0.3-0.7 mm in diameter, conduplicate, abaxial surfaces smooth or scabridulous, veins (3)5, ribs 1-5;

abaxial sclerenchyma in 5-7 narrow strands, about as wide as the adjacent veins;

adaxial sclerenchyma absent.

closed for less than 1/3 their length, glabrous or scabrous, shredding into fibers;

ligules 0.3-1.5 mm;

blades 3-6(10) mm wide, flat, lax, margins scabrous, abaxial and adaxial surfaces glabrous, adaxial surfaces sometimes scabrous, veins 13-25, ribs obscure;

abaxial sclerenchyma in narrow strands;

adaxial sclerenchyma developed;

girders or pillars formed at the major veins.

Inflorescences

(5)10-20 cm, open, with 1-2 branches per node;

branches 1-15 cm, lax, widely spreading to reflexed, lower branches usually reflexed at maturity, with 2+ spikelets.

10-20(40) cm, open or somewhat contracted, with 1-2(3) branches per node;

branches lax, more or less spreading, spikelets borne towards the ends of the branches.

Spikelets

6-12 mm, with 3-6(7) florets.

7-12 mm, with (2)3-5 florets.

Glumes

exceeded by the upper florets, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, glabrous and smooth or slightly scabrous;

lower glumes 2-5 mm;

upper glumes 3-6 mm;

lemmas (4)4.5-6.5(8) mm, ovate-lanceolate to attenuate, glabrous or finely puberulent, awns 3-12 mm, usually longer than the lemma bodies;

paleas slightly shorter than the lemmas, intercostal region scabrous or puberulent distally;

anthers (1)1.5-2(3) mm;

ovary apices densely pubescent.

lanceolate, scabrous at least on the midvein, acute to acuminate;

lower glumes (1.5) 2.5-4(4.5) mm;

upper glumes (3)4-6.5 mm;

calluses wider than long, glabrous, smooth or slightly scabrous;

lemmas (5)6-8(9) mm, lanceolate, scabrous or puberulent, acuminate, unawned or awned, awns to 2 mm;

paleas about as long as or shorter than the lemmas, intercostal region puberulent distally;

anthers 1.6-2.5 mm;

ovary apices pubescent.

2n

= 28 [other numbers have been reported for this species, but are probably based on misidentifications].

= unknown.

Festuca occidentalis

Festuca sororia

Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; ID; MI; MT; OR; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; MO; NM; UT
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Festuca occidentalis grows in dry to moist, open woodlands, forest openings, and rocky slopes, up to 3100 m. It extends from southern Alaska and northern British Columbia to southwestern Alberta, south to southern California and eastward to Wyoming, and, as a disjunct, around the upper Great Lakes in Ontario, eastern Wisconsin, and Michigan. It is sometimes important as a forage grass, but is usually not sufficiently abundant.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Festuca sororia grows in open woods and on shaded slopes and stream banks, at 2000-3000 m. It is restricted to the United States, growing from central Utah and Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. A single puzzling specimen is the basis for the reported occurrence of this species in Missouri (Yatskievych 1999).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 437. FNA vol. 24, p. 404.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Festuca > subg. Festuca > sect. Festuca Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Festuca > subg. Subulatae > sect. Subulatae
Sibling taxa
F. altaica, F. amethystina, F. arizonica, F. auriculata, F. baffinensis, F. brachyphylla, F. brevissima, F. californica, F. calligera, F. campestris, F. dasyclada, F. earlei, F. edlundiae, F. elmeri, F. filiformis, F. frederikseniae, F. glauca, F. groenlandica, F. hallii, F. heterophylla, F. hyperborea, F. idahoensis, F. lenensis, F. ligulata, F. minutiflora, F. ovina, F. paradoxa, F. prolifera, F. pseudovivipara, F. roemeri, F. rubra, F. saximontana, F. sororia, F. subulata, F. subuliflora, F. subverticillata, F. thurberi, F. trachyphylla, F. valesiaca, F. versuta, F. viridula, F. viviparoidea, F. washingtonica
F. altaica, F. amethystina, F. arizonica, F. auriculata, F. baffinensis, F. brachyphylla, F. brevissima, F. californica, F. calligera, F. campestris, F. dasyclada, F. earlei, F. edlundiae, F. elmeri, F. filiformis, F. frederikseniae, F. glauca, F. groenlandica, F. hallii, F. heterophylla, F. hyperborea, F. idahoensis, F. lenensis, F. ligulata, F. minutiflora, F. occidentalis, F. ovina, F. paradoxa, F. prolifera, F. pseudovivipara, F. roemeri, F. rubra, F. saximontana, F. subulata, F. subuliflora, F. subverticillata, F. thurberi, F. trachyphylla, F. valesiaca, F. versuta, F. viridula, F. viviparoidea, F. washingtonica
Name authority Hook. Piper
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