Flora of North America species comparison

erect to scandent, rarely procumbent, glabrous or pubescent.

ocrea usually deciduous, tan or brown, cylindric to funnelform, 1.5–3.5 mm, margins oblique, face not fringed with reflexed hairs and slender bristles at base, otherwise glabrous or scabrid;

petiole 0.3–2.5 cm, glabrous or scabrid in lines;

blade triangular to hastate, 2–8 × 1–5 cm, base cordate to truncate, margins wavy, scabrid, apex acute to acuminate, abaxially and adaxially faces glabrous or papillose to scabrid, not glaucous, the abaxial rarely minutely dotted.

deciduous, cauline, alternate, petiolate;

ocrea persistent or deciduous, chartaceous;

petiole base articulated, extrafloral nectaries sometimes present;

blade broadly ovate to triangular, margins entire or wavy.

axillary, erect or spreading, racemelike, 2–20 cm, axes glabrous or scabrid;

peduncle 0.1–6 cm or absent, glabrous or scabrid.

terminal and spikelike, or terminal and axillary and paniclelike or racemelike, pedunculate or not.

ascending or spreading to deflexed, articulated distally, 4–8 mm, glabrous.

present.

bisexual, 2–6 per ocreate fascicle;

perianth accrescent in fruit, greenish white or pinkish, 3.5–7 mm including stipelike base, glabrous;

tepals elliptic to obovate, apex obtuse to acute, outer 3 winged;

stamens 8;

filaments flattened proximally, pubescent proximally;

styles connate;

stigmas capitate.

bisexual, or bisexual and unisexual, some plants with bisexual flowers, other plants with only pistallate flowers 1–5 per ocreate fascicle, base stipelike;

perianth usually accrescent in fruit, pale green or white to pink, campanulate, glabrous or, rarely, with blunt, hyaline hairs;

tepals 5, connate nearly completely or only basally, petaloid, dimorphic, outer 3 winged or keeled, larger than inner 2;

stamens 6–8;

filaments distinct, free, glabrous or pubescent proximally;

anthers yellow to pink or red, ovate to elliptic;

styles 3, spreading, connate basally or nearly completely;

stigmas capitate, fimbriate, or peltate.

included, black, 2–4 × 1.8–2.4 mm, shiny, smooth; fruiting perianth glabrous, wings flat or, less often, undulate or crinkled, 1.5–2 mm wide, usually truncate or attenuate-decurrent on stipelike base nearly to articulation, margins entire or rarely undulate-crenate.

included or exserted, brown to dark brown or black, not winged, 3-gonous, glabrous.

embryo straight.

or herbs, annual or perennial;

roots fibrous or woody;

sometimes rhizomatous.

= 10, 11.

= 20.