Euthamia leptocephala |
Euthamia |
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bushy goldentop, Mississippi Valley goldentop |
goldentop, grass-leaf goldenrod |
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Habit | Perennials or subshrubs, 30–100 cm. | Perennials or subshrubs, 40–200 cm (rhizomes creeping, fibrous-rooted). | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | (erect, striate-angled) glabrous, not glaucous. |
erect (nearly terete), simple or branched, glabrous or hairy. |
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Leaves | ascending to spreading-ascending; blades 3- or -5-nerved, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 40–80 × 3–6(–9) mm, lengths 8–18 times widths, abruptly reduced distally, firm-herbaceous, margins scabrous, apices mostly acute, faces glabrous, little and obscurely gland-dotted (9–29 dots per mm²), sometimes pustulate. |
cauline; alternate; sessile; blades (± uniform along stems) linear to lanceolate (40–130 mm), margins entire, faces glabrous or hairy, sparsely to densely gland-dotted (dots obscure or evident, 0.1–0.25 mm diam., 0–86 per mm²). |
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Involucres | obconic, 4–6 mm. |
obconic to hemispheric, (2.5–6.3 ×) 2.1–8.1 mm. |
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Receptacles | flat, pitted (pit borders ± fimbrillate), epaleate. |
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Ray florets | usually 7–14. |
7–22(–35) (usually more numerous than disc florets), pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow. |
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Disc florets | 3–6; corollas 3.3–4.4 mm. |
3–22, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes shorter than tubular to slender-funnelform throats, lobes 5, erect to ascending, oblong-lanceolate; style-branch appendages lanceolate. |
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Phyllaries | yellowish at bases, usually green-tipped, outer narrowly ovate, inner nearly linear, apices rounded to subacute (sometimes slightly resinous). |
11–29 in 3–5 series, 1-nerved (flat), linear to ovate, bases often stramineous or pale, margins chartaceous or weakly cartilaginous, not scarious (apices with green zones, erose to ciliate), abaxial faces glabrous, little to very resinous. |
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Heads | glomerate or pedunculate, in compact, usually round-topped arrays 6–35% of plant heights. |
radiate, borne singly or (glomerulate) in corymbiform or paniculiform arrays. |
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Cypselae | oblong to narrowly ellipsoid, ± terete, 2–4-nerved, strigose; pappi persistent, of 20–30, white, ± equal, antrorsely barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1 series. |
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x | = 9. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Euthamia leptocephala |
Euthamia |
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Phenology | Flowering Sep–Nov. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Moist, sandy soils of open areas, woodlands, and forest openings | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; TN; TX
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North America; Mexico [Introduced in Europe, Asia] |
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Discussion | I have seen no specimens of Euthamia leptocephala from Kentucky; it is to be expected there. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 5 (5 in the flora). Euthamia was formerly included in Solidago. Arrangements of heads, gland-dotted leaves, and DNA sequence data demonstrate that Euthamia should be treated as distinct from Solidago (L. C. Anderson and J. B. Creech 1975; R. D. Noyes and L. H. Rieseberg 1999). Ambiguous and contradictory information has led to much debate about who named Euthamia (D. J. Sieren 1981; K. N. Gandhi 1999; G. L. Nesom 1999; J. L. Strother 2000). I consider correct authorship for this genus to be as given in Index Nominum Genericorum (http://ravenel.si.edu/botany/ing). Euthamia is capable of tremendous phenotypic variation. Transitional aspects of a given plant are much more likely to be related to environmental factors than to introgression. Heights of arrays are determined by measuring from the summit of the plant to the bases of proximalmost head-bearing branches. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 100. | FNA vol. 20, p. 97. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Euthamia | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae | ||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Solidago leptocephala | Solidago subg. E. | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (Torrey & A. Gray) Greene ex Porter & Britton: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 321. (1894) | (Nuttall) Cassini: in F. Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2, 37: 471. (1825) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |