Euthamia graminifolia
Euthamia gymnospermoides
common goldentop, common grass-leaf-goldenrod, flat-top goldentop, fragrant goldenrod, grass-leaf goldenrod, grass-leaf goldentop, verge d'or à feuilles de graminées
Great Plains goldentop, Texas goldentop, viscid grass-leaf goldenrod
(commonly branched in distal 1/4) glabrous or densely spreading-hirtellous, not glaucous.
(simple or branched) glabrous or with scabrous lines, not glaucous.
spreading to ascending;
blades 3- or 5-nerved, linear to lanceolate, 37–130 × (2.1–)3–12 mm, lengths 7–20 times widths, abruptly to gradually reduced distally, herbaceous to firm-herbaceous, margins scabro-ciliate, apices obtuse to acuminate, faces usually little and obscurely gland-dotted (26–47 dots per mm²), barely viscid (more so on exposed shores), glabrous or densely spreading-hirtellous.
usually ascending;
blades (1–)3- or -5-nerved, linear to lanceolate, 40–100(–120) × 1.4–4(–8) mm, lengths 12–49 time widths, gradually reduced distally, firm-herbaceous, margins scabrous, apices acuminate, faces abundantly and prominently gland-dotted (29–49 dots per mm²), glabrous or midveins with hairs.
broadly campanulate to campanulate, 3–5.3 mm.
obconic, (4–)4.5–6.2 mm.
(7–)17–22(–35).
9–13(–16).
(3–)5–7(–13);
corollas 2.6–3.4 mm.
3–9;
corollas (3–)3.3–4.8 mm.
often ± yellow basally, outer (at least) usually green-tipped, outer ovate, inner oblong, apices obtuse or broadly acute.
usually green-tipped, outer ovate, inner linear-oblong, apices obtuse to acute (± strongly resinous).
glomerulate, usually in flat-topped arrays (1.5–28 cm diam.), 10–28% of plant heights (branches unequal, giving irregular, broken appearance).
(some or all) pedunculate (rarely all glomerate), usually in flat-topped to slightly rounded, arrays (25–)35–60% of plant heights.
= 18.
= 36, 54.
Euthamia graminifolia
Euthamia gymnospermoides
Plants with densely hairy leaves and stems have been called var. nuttallii. Though extremes are distinct, the plants cannot be reliably separated rangewide from typical Euthamia graminifolia. Plants called var. major have been distinguished primarily on the basis of leaf dimensions (lengths 8–11 times widths in var. major versus 11–20 in typical E. graminifolia). Overlap is extensive; no discrete boundaries can be drawn.
Euthamia hirtipes was described as a putative hybrid involving a hairy E. graminifolia and a small-headed E. caroliniana (M. L. Fernald 1946d). It combines broad, hairy leaf blades with few-flowered heads, a condition that is not intermediate between the putative parents. D. J. Sieren and J. F. Merrit (1980) and C. E. Taylor (1975) reviewed the plants. Until evidence can be supplied to the contrary, E. hirtipes should be considered a synonym of E. graminifolia.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Some plants from the southern Great Lakes area with tendencies to shorter involucres and narrower leaves, called Euthamia gymnospermoides by H. A. Gleason and A. Cronquist (1991) and D. J. Sieren (1981), are better included in E. caroliniana.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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