Flora of North America species comparison

1, erect, simple, straight, proximally glabrous or sparsely villous, distally densely villous.

1–3+, erect, straight, proximally glabrous, distally sometimes sparsely strigose, stipitate-glandular.

basal and cauline, margins coarsely serrate (proximal) to serrate (distal), strigoso-ciliate, teeth (15–30 per side) mucronulate, apices acuminate, abaxial faces sparsely strigose, long-stipitate-glandular on veins, adaxial sparsely villous, more densely so on veins;

basal withering by flowering, petiolate (55–180 mm), bases sheathing, blades broadly ovate, 55–110 × 48–95 mm, bases cordate (with mostly deep, rectangular sinuses);

cauline petiolate to (distal) subsessile, petioles (4–100 mm) ± winged, ± clasping, blades ovate to broadly lanceolate, 27–135 × 7–112 mm, bases cordate (sinuses narrower) to rounded or cuneate-rounded;

distal (arrays) sessile, ovate to lanceolate, 6–70 × 1–27 mm.

basal and cauline, firm, margins slightly revolute, crenate-serrate, scabrous, apices acuminate and mucronate, abaxial faces usually glabrescent to ± scabrous, sometimes ± sparsely strigose, gland-dotted or stipitate-glandular, adaxial sparsely puberulent, stipitate-glandular (increasingly so distally);

basal withering by flowering, long-petiolate, petioles slightly winged, bases dilated and sheathing, sparsely ciliate, ± glandular, blades ovate to elliptic-ovate, 70–120 × 40–65 mm, bases rounded to sometimes slightly oblique;

proximal cauline long-petiolate, petioles shorter and gradually more broadly winged distally, blades ovate to elliptic-ovate, 55–100 × 24–65 mm, gradually reduced distally;

distal winged-petiolate to subpetiolate or sessile, blades ovate or elliptic to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 10–64 × 3–18 mm, gradually reduced distally, bases ± clasping, margins becoming entire (arrays).

sparsely to moderately villous, sparsely glandular;

bracts 0–1, linear.

firm, straight, 0.4–3.5 cm, sparsely strigose, densely stipitate-glandular;

bracts 0–3, oblong-lanceolate, 3–5 mm, acute, densely stipitate-glandular.

cylindro-campanulate, 5.5–7.5 mm, equal to or shorter than pappi.

campanulate, (6–)7–11 mm, shorter than pappi.

6–12;

corollas white, 10.5–13 × 1.5–2.1 mm.

10–11;

corollas ± purple, 13.1–13.5 × 1.6–2 mm.

12–20(–30);

corollas yellow, 5–6.8 mm, slightly ampliate, tubes (3.2–3.8 mm) longer than campanulate throats (1.1–1.9 mm), lobes erect to slightly spreading, lanceolate, (0.9–)1.1–1.5(–1.9) mm.

25–40;

corollas cream or light yellow, becoming pinkish, 7.6–8.5 mm, slightly ampliate, tubes longer than narrowly funnelform-campanulate throats, lobes erect, lanceolate-acuminate, 0.9–1.4 mm.

23–32 in 4–5 series, oblong (outer) to lanceolate (inner), strongly unequal, bases indurate, dark green zones in distal 1/4 or less (outer), often confined to narrow strip along midnerves or none (inner), margins narrowly scarious, densely villoso-ciliate, apices ± loose, obtuse to rounded, faces glabrous or sparsely villosulous, sometimes sparsely stipitate-glandular.

(18–)25–40 in (4–)5–6 series, appressed, lanceolate (outer) or lance-ovate to oblong or linear-oblong (inner; innermost longer than 7 mm), strongly unequal, bases indurate, rounded adaxially, dark-green zones obovate to lanceolate (inner), ca. 1/3 distal portion, margins hyaline or often purplish (inner), scarious, erose, ± ciliate, apices (at least some) reflexed, ± squarrose, or twisted, rounded to obtuse (outer) or acute (inner), abaxial faces stipitate-glandular.

15–100+ in flat-topped, corymbiform arrays.

(3–)8–19+ in open, corymbiform arrays.

brown, fusiform to cylindro-obconic, compressed, 3.2–3.7 mm, ribs 6–12, faces glabrous or sparsely strigillose;

pappi of (65–70) orangish to burnt orange (fine, barbellulate, sometimes apically clavellate) bristles 5–6.8 mm, ± equaling disc corolla.

dark reddish brown, cylindro-fusiform, compressed, ca. 3 mm (sterile or undeveloped), ribs [not seen], faces strigillose;

pappi of tawny, (sometimes apically ± clavate) bristles 7.6–8+ mm, equaling disc corollas.

= 54.

= 72.