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drug eyebright, euphraise dressée, stiff eyebright, strict eyebright, Tartary eyebright

Rand's eyebright, small eyebright

Stems

branched, rarely simple, to 30 cm;

branches 1–5 pairs, from middle and distal cauline nodes;

cauline internode length 0.5–2 times subtending leaves.

simple or branched, to 23(–40) cm;

branches 1–4(or 5) pairs, ascending, from middle and distal cauline nodes;

cauline internode lengths 1–3(–5) times subtending leaves.

Leaves

blade narrowly oblong to ovate-oblong, 2–9(–12) mm, margins serrate, teeth 1–3 pairs, apices subacute to aristate.

petiole 0–10(–13) mm;

blade long-orbiculate to triangular-ovate or oval, 2–10(–13) mm, margins crenate to incised-crenate, teeth 1–4(–6) pairs, apices obtuse to subacute.

Inflorescences

beginning at node (5–)7–9(–11);

bracts green, sometimes purple adaxially, broader than leaves, oblong to ovate, length not more than 2 times width, 5–10 mm, surfaces glabrous or sparsely to densely hirsute and hairs eglandular, sometimes glandular-pubescent and hairs glandular, stalks 1- or 2-celled, 0.1–0.2 mm, teeth 4 or 5 pairs, longer than wide, apices acute, sometimes aristate.

sparsely spicate, not 4-angled, beginning at node 3–7(–10);

proximal internode lengths 0.8–1.5 times bracts;

bracts green or suffused with purple, as broad as leaves, ovate or oval, length not more than 2 times width, 2–7 mm, base round, abaxial surface setulose on veins, adaxial puberulent and hairs eglandular, teeth 3–5(or 6) pairs, longer than wide, apices obtuse to acute, sinuses between teeth acute.

Flowers

corolla white, usually suffused with lilac, 8–10 mm, abaxial lip exceeding adaxial.

calyx lobes straight, apex acute;

corolla white or cream, abaxial lip lilac or purple, adaxial lilac, 2.5–4.5 mm, lips equal.

Capsules

narrowly oblong, 4.5–6 mm, apex truncate to retuse.

oval to oblong or obovate, 2.5–5 mm, apex retuse to emarginate.

Euphrasia stricta

Euphrasia randii

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Damp habitats near sea, sand, salt marshes, Sphagnum marshes, hummocks, ledges, grassy slopes, non-calcareous soils.
Elevation 0–600 m. (0–2000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe; Asia (w Siberia) [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
ME; NB; NL; NS; PE; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 7 (2 in the flora).

Occurrence of Euphrasia stricta in Alberta is based on the report by G. C. D. Griffiths (2002); no specimen has been located. Griffiths listed E. arctica subsp. borealis as new for Alberta, but both morphological and habitat descriptions fit E. stricta more closely. If true, then this introduced species has crossed the continent; all earlier records are from eastern Canada and New England (S. R. Downie and J. McNeill 1988).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Euphrasia purpurea Reeks ex Fernald & Wiegand is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Bract surfaces glabrous or sparsely to densely hirsute, hairs eglandular.
var. stricta
1. Bract surfaces hairy, hairs glandular.
var. brevipila
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 496. FNA vol. 17, p. 500.
Parent taxa Orobanchaceae > Euphrasia Orobanchaceae > Euphrasia
Sibling taxa
E. arctica, E. disjuncta, E. farlowii, E. frigida, E. hudsoniana, E. micrantha, E. mollis, E. nemorosa, E. oakesii, E. ostenfeldii, E. randii, E. salisburgensis, E. subarctica, E. suborbicularis, E. tetraquetra, E. vinacea, E. wettsteinii
E. arctica, E. disjuncta, E. farlowii, E. frigida, E. hudsoniana, E. micrantha, E. mollis, E. nemorosa, E. oakesii, E. ostenfeldii, E. salisburgensis, E. stricta, E. subarctica, E. suborbicularis, E. tetraquetra, E. vinacea, E. wettsteinii
Subordinate taxa
E. stricta var. brevipila, E. stricta var. stricta
Synonyms E. purpurea var. randii, E. randii var. reeksii
Name authority J. P. Wolff ex J. F. Lehmann: Prim. Lin. Fl. Herbipol., 43. (1809) B. L. Robinson: Rhodora 3: 273. (1901)
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