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drug eyebright, euphraise dressée, stiff eyebright, strict eyebright, Tartary eyebright

common eyebright, eastern eyebright, euphraise des bois, hairy eyebright

Stems

branched, rarely simple, to 30 cm;

branches 1–5 pairs, from middle and distal cauline nodes;

cauline internode length 0.5–2 times subtending leaves.

simple or branched, to 25(–42) cm;

branches 1–7 pairs, from middle or distal cauline nodes;

cauline internode lengths 2–3 times subtending leaves.

Leaves

blade narrowly oblong to ovate-oblong, 2–9(–12) mm, margins serrate, teeth 1–3 pairs, apices subacute to aristate.

blade oval to oblong or ovate, 2–10 mm, margins serrate, teeth 1–5(or 6) pairs, apices subacute, sometimes aristate.

Inflorescences

beginning at node (5–)7–9(–11);

bracts green, sometimes purple adaxially, broader than leaves, oblong to ovate, length not more than 2 times width, 5–10 mm, surfaces glabrous or sparsely to densely hirsute and hairs eglandular, sometimes glandular-pubescent and hairs glandular, stalks 1- or 2-celled, 0.1–0.2 mm, teeth 4 or 5 pairs, longer than wide, apices acute, sometimes aristate.

sparsely spicate, not 4-angled, beginning at node (7–)10–12;

bracts green, sometimes purplish adaxially, broader than leaves, oblong to ovate, length not more than 2 times width, 5–8 mm, not glossy, margins ciliate, surfaces glabrous or hirsute and hairs eglandular, teeth 4–6 pairs, longer than wide, apices acute to long-aristate.

Flowers

corolla white, usually suffused with lilac, 8–10 mm, abaxial lip exceeding adaxial.

corolla white to lilac, 5–7.5(–8.5) mm, lips +/- equal.

Capsules

narrowly oblong, 4.5–6 mm, apex truncate to retuse.

narrowly oblong, 4–5.5 mm, apex truncate to retuse.

2n

= 44 (England).

Euphrasia stricta

Euphrasia nemorosa

Phenology Flowering early summer–fall.
Habitat Dry or moist, grassy, gravelly, or sandy places, pastures, roadsides, cliff ledges, wood margins, coastal or inland.
Elevation 0–1300 m. (0–4300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; NH; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe; Asia (w Siberia) [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; ME; MI; MN; NH; OR; VT; WA; AB; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; n Europe; c Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 7 (2 in the flora).

Occurrence of Euphrasia stricta in Alberta is based on the report by G. C. D. Griffiths (2002); no specimen has been located. Griffiths listed E. arctica subsp. borealis as new for Alberta, but both morphological and habitat descriptions fit E. stricta more closely. If true, then this introduced species has crossed the continent; all earlier records are from eastern Canada and New England (S. R. Downie and J. McNeill 1988).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Bract surfaces glabrous or sparsely to densely hirsute, hairs eglandular.
var. stricta
1. Bract surfaces hairy, hairs glandular.
var. brevipila
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 496. FNA vol. 17, p. 497.
Parent taxa Orobanchaceae > Euphrasia Orobanchaceae > Euphrasia
Sibling taxa
E. arctica, E. disjuncta, E. farlowii, E. frigida, E. hudsoniana, E. micrantha, E. mollis, E. nemorosa, E. oakesii, E. ostenfeldii, E. randii, E. salisburgensis, E. subarctica, E. suborbicularis, E. tetraquetra, E. vinacea, E. wettsteinii
E. arctica, E. disjuncta, E. farlowii, E. frigida, E. hudsoniana, E. micrantha, E. mollis, E. oakesii, E. ostenfeldii, E. randii, E. salisburgensis, E. stricta, E. subarctica, E. suborbicularis, E. tetraquetra, E. vinacea, E. wettsteinii
Subordinate taxa
E. stricta var. brevipila, E. stricta var. stricta
Synonyms E. officinalis var. nemorosa, E. canadensis
Name authority J. P. Wolff ex J. F. Lehmann: Prim. Lin. Fl. Herbipol., 43. (1809) (Persoon) Wallroth: Annus Bot., 81. (1815)
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