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arctic eyebright

Stems

simple or branched, to 25(–35) cm;

branches 1–5(or 6) pairs, from proximal, middle, or distal cauline nodes;

cauline internode lengths 2–4 times subtending leaves.

Leaves

blade usually broadly ovate, 3–16 mm, margins serrate, teeth 1–6 pairs, apices acute.

Inflorescences

beginning at node 3–5;

bracts green or purplish adaxially, broader than leaves, broadly ovate or deltate, length not more than 2 times width, (4–)5–9(–11) mm, surfaces glabrous or setose and hairs eglandular, sometimes pubescent and hairs glandular, stalks 1- or 2-celled, 0.1–0.2 mm, teeth 3–6 pairs, as long as or much longer than wide, apices acute to acuminate.

Flowers

corolla white, sometimes lilac, adaxial lip lilac, 6–11(–13) mm, abaxial lip exceeding adaxial.

Capsules

oblong to elliptic or obovate, 4.5–8 mm, apex truncate to retuse.

Euphrasia arctica

Distribution
from FNA
ME; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe; Atlantic Islands (Iceland)
Discussion

Subspecies 5 (2 in the flora).

The other three subspecies of Euphrasia arctica occur in Europe (P. F. Yeo 1978).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stem bases flexuous or decumbent; branches 1 or 2(–5) pairs, usually flexuous; bract surfaces glabrous or hairy, hairs eglandular bristles, teeth not much longer than wide; corollas 7–11(–13) mm.
subsp. arctica
1. Stem bases erect; branches 1–5(or 6) pairs, usually straight; bract surfaces hairy, hairs glandular and eglandular bristles, teeth much longer than wide; corollas 6–8(–10) mm.
subsp. borealis
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 495.
Parent taxa Orobanchaceae > Euphrasia
Sibling taxa
E. disjuncta, E. farlowii, E. frigida, E. hudsoniana, E. micrantha, E. mollis, E. nemorosa, E. oakesii, E. ostenfeldii, E. randii, E. salisburgensis, E. stricta, E. subarctica, E. suborbicularis, E. tetraquetra, E. vinacea, E. wettsteinii
Subordinate taxa
E. arctica subsp. arctica, E. arctica subsp. borealis
Name authority Lange ex Rostrup: Bot. Tidsskr. 4: 47. (1870)
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