Euphorbia setiloba |
Euphorbia commutata |
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fringe spurge, shaggy spurge, Yuma sandmat |
tinted euphorbia, tinted woodland spurge |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, with slender taproot. | Herbs, usually biennial, occasionally annual, with taproot. |
Stems | prostrate, mat-forming, 5–50 cm, villous with glistening glandular hairs. |
erect or ascending, decumbent and often branched near base, 10–40 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | opposite; stipules distinct, filiform, rudimentary to 0.2 mm, glabrous or sparsely villous with glistening glandular hairs; petiole 0.5–1.5 mm, villous; blade oblong, ovate, or elliptic, 3–7 × 2–4 mm, base asymmetric, rounded, margins entire, apex obtuse, surfaces villous; weakly 3-veined from base, commonly only midvein conspicuous. |
petiole usually 5–10 mm, 0–1 mm distally; blade usually oblanceolate to obovate, rarely ovate, 5–30 × 3–10 mm, base broadly attenuate, margins entire, apex usually obtuse to rounded, occasionally slightly retuse, surfaces glabrous; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. |
Involucre | campanulate or urceolate, 0.7–1 × 0.5–0.8 mm, villous; glands 4, red to pink, oblong to slightly reniform, 0.1–0.2 × 0.2–0.3 mm; appendages white to pink, deeply incised into 3–6 triangular to subulate, attenuate, acute segments, 0.3–0.6 × 0.6–1 mm, segments entire. |
campanulate, 1.7–2.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous; glands 4, crescent-shaped; 0.6–1 × 0.8–1.5 mm; horns divergent, 0.5–1.1 mm. |
Staminate flowers | 3–7. |
9–15. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary villous; styles 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
ovary glabrous; styles 0.9–1.3 mm, 2-fid. |
Capsules | subglobose to ovoid, 1–1.2 mm diam., villous; columella 0.9–1.1 mm. |
ovoid-globose, 2.5–3.2 × 3 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded to ± flattened, smooth, glabrous; columella 1.5–2 mm. |
Seeds | pink to light gray, narrowly ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 0.8–1 × 0.5–0.6 mm, dimpled or with faint transverse ridges that do not pass through abaxial keel. |
white to gray, broadly oblong-elliptic to ovoid or nearly globose, 1.5–2 × 1.3–1.6 mm, strongly small-pitted; caruncle irregularly winglike, conic, 0.6–1 × 0.7–0.9 mm. |
Cyathia | solitary at distal nodes, nodes often congested toward tips of branches; peduncle 0.2–1.6 mm. |
peduncle 0.5–1 mm. |
Cyathial | arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches (2–)3(–4), 1–3+ times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts similar in shape and size to distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct to basally subconnate, not imbricate, widely ovate, rhombic, or reniform, base cordate, rarely slightly perfoliate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, mucronulate; axillary cymose branches 0–5. |
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Euphorbia setiloba |
Euphorbia commutata |
|
Phenology | Flowering nearly year-round in response to sufficient moisture. | Flowering and fruiting spring–summer. |
Habitat | Desert scrub, blackbrush scrub, Joshua tree woodlands, grasslands, often in sandy areas. | Bottomland and upland forests, bluffs and ledges, stream banks, glades, rarely fen margins. |
Elevation | 20–1600 m. (100–5200 ft.) | 50–1000 m. (200–3300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; VA; WI; WV; ON
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 288. | FNA vol. 12, p. 300. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chamaesyce setiloba | Galarhoeus austrinus, G. commutatus, Tithymalus commutatus |
Name authority | Engelmann: in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 5(2): 364. (1857) | Engelmann: in A. Gray, Manual ed. 2, 389. (1856) |
Web links |