Euphorbia prostrata |
Euphorbia micromera |
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blue weed, ground spurge, prostrate sandmat, prostrate spurge or sandmat |
desert spurge, Sonoran sandmat, tiny sandmat |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | Herbs, annual, with slender taproot. |
Stems | prostrate to decumbent, usually not mat-forming, 10–30 cm, crisped-villous to glabrate (proximally). |
prostrate, mat-forming, 5–35 cm, glabrous or shortly pilose. |
Leaves | opposite; stipules connate (lower side) or distinct (upper side), triangular-subulate, often lacerate distally, 0.5–1 mm, short crisped-villous to glabrate; petiole 0.5–1.5 mm, usually short crisped-villous, sometimes wooly at distal nodes; blade broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong, ovate-spatulate, or ovate, 3–11(–15) × 3–6(–8) mm, base slightly asymmetric, rounded to slightly cordate and oblique, margins serrulate at least in distal 1/2, sometimes obscurely so, apex obtuse, abaxial surface finely crisped-villous, adaxial surface usually glabrous or glabrate, sometimes sparsely crisped-villous; 3-veined from base. |
opposite; stipules distinct, subulate, 0.2–0.4 mm, pilose; petiole 0.5–1.2 mm, glabrous or pilose; blade ovate to elliptic, 6–15 × 2–4 mm, base asymmetric, one side cuneate to rounded, other side rounded, margins entire, apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous or pilose; venation obscure or only midvein conspicuous. |
Involucre | obconic, 0.6–0.9 × 0.5 mm, crisped-villous or glabrous; glands 4, reddish, oval to oblong, 0.1 × 0.1–0.2 mm; appendages white to pink, rudimentary, 0–0.2 mm, distal margin entire or irregularly scalloped. |
campanulate, 0.4–0.6 × 0.5–0.9 mm, glabrous or pilose; glands 4, red, circular to oblong, 0.1 × 0.1–0.2 mm; appendages absent. |
Staminate flowers | 3–6. |
2–5. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary densely crisped-villous; styles 0.1 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length. |
ovary usually glabrous, rarely pilose; styles 0.1–0.2 mm, 2-fid at apex. |
Capsules | broadly ovoid, 1.2–2 × 1.4–1.5 mm, crisped-villous along keels and toward base, often glabrous between keels; columella 1–1.2 mm. |
oblong, 1.3–1.5 × 1.1–1.3 mm, usually glabrous, rarely pilose; columella 1–1.2 mm. |
Seeds | white but with barely concealed brown surface beneath, ovoid, sharply 4-angled in cross section, abaxial faces plane to convex, adaxial faces concave, 0.8–1.1 × 0.5–0.7 mm, with several narrow, sharp, slightly irregular, transverse ridges. |
light gray, narrowly ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 0.9–1 × 0.5–0.6 mm, smooth to slightly rugose or with 1–4 faint transverse ridges that do not pass through abaxial keel. |
Cyathia | solitary or in small, cymose clusters at distal nodes or on congested, axillary branches; peduncle 1–2 mm. |
solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 0.4–1.4 mm. |
2n | = 18. |
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Euphorbia prostrata |
Euphorbia micromera |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting early spring–fall. | Flowering nearly year-round in response to sufficient rainfall. |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, fields, gardens, sidewalks, sandy places, ballast piles. | Desert scrub, riparian woods with ash and willow, saltbush scrub, Joshua tree woodlands and grasslands, often in sandy or gravelly areas. |
Elevation | 0–1400 m. (0–4600 ft.) | -20–1800 m. (-100–5900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NM; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WV; WY; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in Eurasia, Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia]
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AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sonora)
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Discussion | Euphorbia prostrata is native to tropical America and possibly into the southern part of the flora area. It is likely adventive throughout most of the northern part of its range. It is widely naturalized throughout much of the rest of the tropics. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 285. | FNA vol. 12, p. 278. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chamaesyce prostrata | Chamaesyce micromera |
Name authority | Aiton: Hort. Kew. 2: 139. (1789) | Boissier: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 171. (1861) |
Web links |
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