Euphorbia parryi |
Euphorbia ouachitana |
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dune spurge, Parry's sandmat, Parry's spurge |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | Herbs, annual, with taproot. |
Stems | usually prostrate, rarely ascending-erect, 5–70(–85) cm, glabrous. |
erect-ascending, often basally decumbent, often branched near base, 12–28 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | opposite; stipules distinct, linear-subulate, usually lacerate and divided into 2 or more slender segments, rarely entire, 0.6–1.4 mm, glabrous; petiole 1–2.5 mm, glabrous; blade linear to narrowly oblong, (5–)10–25(–30) × 2–5 mm, base usually symmetric, sometimes slightly asymmetric, attenuate, margins entire, occasionally ± revolute, apex acute to obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces glabrous; only midvein conspicuous. |
petiole 0–3 mm; blade broadly oblanceolate to subspatulate, or proximalmost often orbiculate, 3–20 × 3–9 mm, base attenuate, margins entire, apex rounded to emarginate, surfaces glabrous; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. |
Involucre | broadly cupuliform-campanulate, 1.2–1.7 × 1.4–1.8 mm, glabrous; glands 4, reddish pink to greenish yellow, deeply concave, elliptic to oblong, 0.2–0.3 × 0.3–0.5 mm; appendages white, elliptic to oblong, usually forming narrow margin around gland, sometimes rudimentary, 0.2–0.6 × 0.3–0.7(–1.1) mm, distal margin entire. |
infundibular, 1.3–1.6 × 1–1.2 mm, glabrous; glands 4, crescent-shaped; 0.4–0.5 × 0.8–1 mm; horns divergent, 0.2–0.4 mm. |
Staminate flowers | 40–55. |
15–20. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary glabrous; styles 0.5–0.7 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length. |
ovary glabrous; styles 0.8 mm, 2-fid. |
Capsules | ovoid-globose, 2–2.3 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous; columella 1.4–2 mm. |
ovoid-globose, 2.6–2.7 × 2.5–2.7 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded to ± flattened, smooth, glabrous; columella 2–2.1 mm. |
Seeds | mottled brown and white because of irregularly loose and tight outer covering, broadly ovoid, rounded-angular in cross section, 1.4–1.8 × 0.8–1 mm, smooth or only inconspicuously roughened. |
dark brown, oblong-ovoid, 1.5–2 × 1–1.6 mm, with deep, rounded pits in 3–4 regular vertical rows; caruncle reniform-ovate, conic, 0.5–0.7 × 0.5–0.8 mm. |
Cyathia | solitary or in small clusters on short axillary branches at distal nodes; peduncle 1–5 mm. |
peduncle 0.4–0.7 mm. |
Cyathial | arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 3, 1–3 times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts ovate-deltate to subrhombic-ovate, shorter and wider than distal leaves; dichasial bracts connate 1/4 length, not imbricate, broadly deltate to subreniform, base truncate to broadly obtuse, margins entire, apex obtuse to bluntly acuminate; axillary cymose branches 1–5. |
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2n | = 26. |
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Euphorbia parryi |
Euphorbia ouachitana |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall. | Flowering and fruiting spring. |
Habitat | Sand dunes, other sandy habitats. | Semiopen forests, bluffs and ledges, stream banks, glades. |
Elevation | 200–2200 m. (700–7200 ft.) | 100–400 m. (300–1300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua)
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AR; MO; OK; TN; TX |
Discussion | Euphorbia parryi is similar to E. missurica, differing only by the generally narrow involucral gland appendages and prostrate habit in E. parryi as opposed to the conspicuous involucral gland appendages and ascending-erect habit in E. missurica. Euphorbia parryi has sometimes been considered the western race of E. missurica (D. S. Correll and M. C. Johnston 1970). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Euphorbia ouachitana is restricted to semiopen forests and woodlands in the south-central United States. It is similar to E. commutata and has been most commonly identified as that species in the past. However, it differs in its consistently brown seeds that have pits in regular, vertical rows. The two species also differ in E. commutata’s numerous, proximal, long-petiolate elliptic leaves. The proximal leaves of E. ouachitana are spatulate with an orbiculate blade and petiolelike base. Aside from the restricted distribution of E. ouachitana in Missouri and Tennessee, the ranges of E. ouachitana and E. commutata do not overlap (see M. H. Mayfield 2013 for a detailed discussion of the distribution). Euphorbia ouachitana is most common in the Ouachita Mountains from southeastern Oklahoma to Hot Springs County, Arkansas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 281. | FNA vol. 12, p. 306. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chamaesyce longeramosa, C. parryi, E. longeramosa | |
Name authority | Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 9: 350. (1875) | Mayfield: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 7: 642, figs. 2[row 2, right], 6. (2013) |
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