FNA: Euphorbia parryi vs. Euphorbia garberi

	Euphorbia parryi	Euphorbia garberi
	dune spurge, Parry's sandmat, Parry's spurge	Garber's sandmat
Habit	Herbs, annual, with taproot.	Herbs, perennial, with moderately thickened rootstock.
Stems	usually prostrate, rarely ascending-erect, 5–70(–85) cm, glabrous.	ascending, sometimes slightly woody at base, not wiry, 1–3 mm diam., 15–50 cm, canescent.
Leaves	opposite; stipules distinct, linear-subulate, usually lacerate and divided into 2 or more slender segments, rarely entire, 0.6–1.4 mm, glabrous; petiole 1–2.5 mm, glabrous; blade linear to narrowly oblong, (5–)10–25(–30) × 2–5 mm, base usually symmetric, sometimes slightly asymmetric, attenuate, margins entire, occasionally ± revolute, apex acute to obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces glabrous; only midvein conspicuous.	opposite; stipules distinct or connate at base, triangular-subulate, apex divided into 2–5 subulate to subulate-filiform segments, 0.5–0.7 mm, pilose; petiole 0.5–1.1 mm, pilose; blade ovate to oblong-elliptic, 4–9(–15) × 3–6 mm, base asymmetric, obtuse to rounded, margins usually entire, rarely very sparsely serrulate, apex usually obtuse to rounded, occasionally acute to apiculate, surfaces canescent; 3-veined from base, only midvein conspicuous.
Involucre	broadly cupuliform-campanulate, 1.2–1.7 × 1.4–1.8 mm, glabrous; glands 4, reddish pink to greenish yellow, deeply concave, elliptic to oblong, 0.2–0.3 × 0.3–0.5 mm; appendages white, elliptic to oblong, usually forming narrow margin around gland, sometimes rudimentary, 0.2–0.6 × 0.3–0.7(–1.1) mm, distal margin entire.	turbinate to campanulate, 0.6–0.9 × 0.5–0.9 mm, pilose; glands 4, brown, slightly concave, elliptic to subcircular, 0.1–0.3 × 0.2–0.4 mm; appendages white to pink, as narrow rim along gland, (0–)0.1–0.2 × 0.3–0.5 mm, surfaces pilose, distal margin entire or crenulate.
Staminate flowers	40–55.	8–20.
Pistillate flowers	ovary glabrous; styles 0.5–0.7 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length.	ovary pilose; styles 0.6–0.7 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length.
Capsules	ovoid-globose, 2–2.3 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous; columella 1.4–2 mm.	subglobose to broadly ovoid, 1.1–1.6 × 1.3–2.1 mm, pilose; columella 1.1–1.6 mm.
Seeds	mottled brown and white because of irregularly loose and tight outer covering, broadly ovoid, rounded-angular in cross section, 1.4–1.8 × 0.8–1 mm, smooth or only inconspicuously roughened.	gray to reddish brown, oblong-ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 1–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm, flat or obscurely wrinkled.
Cyathia	solitary or in small clusters on short axillary branches at distal nodes; peduncle 1–5 mm.	solitary at nodes of short, axillary branches; peduncle 0.2–0.4 mm.

	Euphorbia parryi	Euphorbia garberi
Phenology	Flowering and fruiting spring–fall.	Flowering and fruiting year-round.
Habitat	Sand dunes, other sandy habitats.	Beach dunes, coastal rock barrens, disturbed uplands and pine rocklands.
Elevation	200–2200 m. (700–7200 ft.)	0–10 m. (0–0 ft.)
Distribution	AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua) [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	FL [BONAP county map]
Discussion	Euphorbia parryi is similar to E. missurica, differing only by the generally narrow involucral gland appendages and prostrate habit in E. parryi as opposed to the conspicuous involucral gland appendages and ascending-erect habit in E. missurica. Euphorbia parryi has sometimes been considered the western race of E. missurica (D. S. Correll and M. C. Johnston 1970). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)	Euphorbia garberi appears to be an interspecific hybrid, but its parentage is not entirely clear (Y. Yang and P. E. Berry 2011). The taxon is closely related to E. blodgettii, E. porteriana, and E. serpens. It is restricted to Collier, Miami-Dade, and Monroe counties in southern Florida and is federally listed as threatened due to impacts from habitat loss, fire suppression, and invasive species. A. Herndon (1993) synonymized E. porteriana var. keyensis under E. garberi because of its uniformly pilose capsules, and that treatment is followed here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source	FNA vol. 12, p. 281.	FNA vol. 12, p. 268.
Parent taxa	Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum	Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum
Sibling taxa	E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana	E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana
Synonyms	Chamaesyce longeramosa, C. parryi, E. longeramosa	Chamaesyce adicioides, C. brachypoda, C. garberi, C. keyensis, C. mosieri, C. porteriana var. keyensis, E. porteriana var. keyensis
Name authority	Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 9: 350. (1875)	Engelmann ex Chapman: Fl. South. U.S. ed. 2, 646. (1883)
Web links	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Euphorbia garberi

dune spurge, Parry's sandmat, Parry's spurge

Garber's sandmat

Habit

Herbs, annual, with taproot.

Herbs, perennial, with moderately thickened rootstock.

Stems

usually prostrate, rarely ascending-erect, 5–70(–85) cm, glabrous.

ascending, sometimes slightly woody at base, not wiry, 1–3 mm diam., 15–50 cm, canescent.

Leaves

opposite;

stipules distinct, linear-subulate, usually lacerate and divided into 2 or more slender segments, rarely entire, 0.6–1.4 mm, glabrous;

petiole 1–2.5 mm, glabrous;

blade linear to narrowly oblong, (5–)10–25(–30) × 2–5 mm, base usually symmetric, sometimes slightly asymmetric, attenuate, margins entire, occasionally ± revolute, apex acute to obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces glabrous;

only midvein conspicuous.

opposite;

stipules distinct or connate at base, triangular-subulate, apex divided into 2–5 subulate to subulate-filiform segments, 0.5–0.7 mm, pilose;

petiole 0.5–1.1 mm, pilose;

blade ovate to oblong-elliptic, 4–9(–15) × 3–6 mm, base asymmetric, obtuse to rounded, margins usually entire, rarely very sparsely serrulate, apex usually obtuse to rounded, occasionally acute to apiculate, surfaces canescent; 3-veined from base, only midvein conspicuous.

Involucre

broadly cupuliform-campanulate, 1.2–1.7 × 1.4–1.8 mm, glabrous;

glands 4, reddish pink to greenish yellow, deeply concave, elliptic to oblong, 0.2–0.3 × 0.3–0.5 mm;

appendages white, elliptic to oblong, usually forming narrow margin around gland, sometimes rudimentary, 0.2–0.6 × 0.3–0.7(–1.1) mm, distal margin entire.

turbinate to campanulate, 0.6–0.9 × 0.5–0.9 mm, pilose;

glands 4, brown, slightly concave, elliptic to subcircular, 0.1–0.3 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

appendages white to pink, as narrow rim along gland, (0–)0.1–0.2 × 0.3–0.5 mm, surfaces pilose, distal margin entire or crenulate.

Staminate flowers

40–55.

8–20.

Pistillate flowers

ovary glabrous;

styles 0.5–0.7 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length.

ovary pilose;

styles 0.6–0.7 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length.

Capsules

ovoid-globose, 2–2.3 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous;

columella 1.4–2 mm.

subglobose to broadly ovoid, 1.1–1.6 × 1.3–2.1 mm, pilose;

columella 1.1–1.6 mm.

Seeds

mottled brown and white because of irregularly loose and tight outer covering, broadly ovoid, rounded-angular in cross section, 1.4–1.8 × 0.8–1 mm, smooth or only inconspicuously roughened.

gray to reddish brown, oblong-ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 1–1.2 × 0.6–0.8 mm, flat or obscurely wrinkled.

Cyathia

solitary or in small clusters on short axillary branches at distal nodes;

peduncle 1–5 mm.

solitary at nodes of short, axillary branches;

peduncle 0.2–0.4 mm.

Euphorbia parryi

Euphorbia garberi

Phenology

Flowering and fruiting spring–fall.

Flowering and fruiting year-round.

Habitat

Sand dunes, other sandy habitats.

Beach dunes, coastal rock barrens, disturbed uplands and pine rocklands.

Elevation

200–2200 m. (700–7200 ft.)

0–10 m. (0–0 ft.)

Distribution

AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Chihuahua)

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Euphorbia parryi is similar to E. missurica, differing only by the generally narrow involucral gland appendages and prostrate habit in E. parryi as opposed to the conspicuous involucral gland appendages and ascending-erect habit in E. missurica. Euphorbia parryi has sometimes been considered the western race of E. missurica (D. S. Correll and M. C. Johnston 1970).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Euphorbia garberi appears to be an interspecific hybrid, but its parentage is not entirely clear (Y. Yang and P. E. Berry 2011). The taxon is closely related to E. blodgettii, E. porteriana, and E. serpens. It is restricted to Collier, Miami-Dade, and Monroe counties in southern Florida and is federally listed as threatened due to impacts from habitat loss, fire suppression, and invasive species. A. Herndon (1993) synonymized E. porteriana var. keyensis under E. garberi because of its uniformly pilose capsules, and that treatment is followed here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source

FNA vol. 12, p. 281.

FNA vol. 12, p. 268.

Parent taxa

Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum

Sibling taxa

E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana

E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana

Synonyms

Chamaesyce longeramosa, C. parryi, E. longeramosa

Chamaesyce adicioides, C. brachypoda, C. garberi, C. keyensis, C. mosieri, C. porteriana var. keyensis, E. porteriana var. keyensis

Name authority

Engelmann: Amer. Naturalist 9: 350. (1875)

Engelmann ex Chapman: Fl. South. U.S. ed. 2, 646. (1883)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

Choose a data source: Flora of North America

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Euphorbia parryi

Euphorbia garberi

Euphorbia parryi

Euphorbia garberi