Euphorbia oblongata |
Euphorbia yaquiana |
|
---|---|---|
Balkan spurge, egg-leaf spurge, oblong spurge |
hairy Mojave spurge |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, with woody taproot. | Herbs, perennial, with thick rootstock. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or densely branching, 80 cm, often densely villous (especially young stems and pleiochasial branches). |
slender, erect or ascending, sometimes sinuous, densely branched near base, 10–50 cm, moderately to densely puberulent to lanulose. |
Leaves | petiole absent; blade oblong to narrowly obovate or lanceolate, 15–70 × 6–25 mm, base rounded or truncate, margins finely serrulate, apex obtuse, mucronulate, surfaces glabrous; venation inconspicuously pinnate, midvein prominent. |
petiole 0–1 mm; blade usually lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, sometimes slightly oblanceolate, 8–30 × 6–14 mm, base usually acute, occasionally short-attenuate, rarely obtuse, margins entire, apex usually acute, occasionally obtuse, acuminate, or cuspidate, surfaces sparsely to moderately puberulent to lanulose; venation pinnate, sometimes obscure, midvein prominent. |
Involucre | cupulate to slightly turbinate, 1.5–2.5 × 1.3–1.5 mm, glabrous; glands 2–3, elliptic, 0.6–0.8 × 0.8–1.2 mm; horns absent. |
campanulate to broadly turbinate, 2.2–3 × 2–2.5 mm, puberulent to lanulose; glands 4, semicircular, trapezoidal, or elliptic-truncate, 0.8–1.5 × 1–2.2 mm, margins strongly crenate or dentate; horns usually absent, if present then straight, 0.1–0.2 mm, generally equaling teeth on gland margin. |
Staminate flowers | 15–40. |
12–20. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary glabrous; styles 1.5–2 mm, 2-fid. |
ovary usually puberulent, occasionally lanulose; styles 1–1.2 mm, 2-fid. |
Capsules | globose, 3–4.5 × 3–4.5 mm, slightly 3-lobed; cocci rounded, verrucose-tuberculate, glabrous; columella 2.5–3.3 mm. |
oblong-ovoid, 3.5–4 × 3–4 mm, 3-lobed; cocci rounded, smooth, usually puberulent, occasionally lanulose; columella 2.5–3 mm. |
Seeds | brown, ovoid, 2.4–2.6 × 1.3–2 mm, smooth, caruncle reniform, 0.2–0.3 × 0.8–0.9 mm. |
gray to whitish, oblong cylindric, 2–3 × 1.5–1.8 mm, irregularly shallowly pitted to almost smooth; caruncle conic, 0.6 × 0.6 mm. |
Cyathial | arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 3–5, each 2–3 times 2–4-branched; pleiochasial bracts ovate, similar in size to distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct, ovate to suborbiculate, base truncate or rounded, margins entire or finely denticulate, apex obtuse, sometimes mucronulate; axillary cymose branches 0–4. |
arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 3–5, each 1–2 times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts broadly ovate to subcordate, usually similar in size to, occasionally wider than, distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct, broadly ovate to almost reniform, base obtuse, margins entire, apex obtuse, acuminate to cuspidate; axillary cymose branches 0–5. |
Cyathia | peduncle 1–5 mm. |
peduncle 0.3–0.8 mm. |
Euphorbia oblongata |
Euphorbia yaquiana |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall. | Flowering and fruiting spring–summer. |
Habitat | Waste areas, disturbed sites, roadsides, fields, pastures. | Ponderosa pine forests, oak-pine mixed forests, dry stream banks and beds, open scrub areas, roadsides. |
Elevation | 30–900 m. (100–3000 ft.) | 1000–2200 m. (3300–7200 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; s Europe [Introduced in North America]
|
AZ |
Discussion | Euphorbia oblongata is listed as a noxious weed by the states of California, Oregon, and Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Euphorbia yaquiana is endemic to Pima and Graham counties in southern Arizona and is known only from the Santa Catalina and Pinaleño mountains. Records of E. yaquiana from southwestern Colorado (as E. incisa var. mollis) likely represent misidentifications of E. brachycera; therefore, those disjunct occurrences have been excluded here from the distribution of E. yaquiana. Euphorbia yaquiana has often been treated as a synonym of E. schizoloba var. mollis, but molecular phylogenetic data show that it is more closely related to E. brachycera and E. chamaesula (J. A. Peirson et al. 2014). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 305. | FNA vol. 12, p. 313. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Tithymalus oblongatus | E. schizoloba var. mollis, E. incisa var. mollis |
Name authority | Grisebach: Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 136. (1843) | Tidestrom: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 41. (1935) |
Web links |
|