Euphorbia indivisa |
Euphorbia floridana |
|
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royal sandmat |
greater Florida spurge |
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Habit | Herbs, annual or short-lived perennial, with slender taproot to thickened and woody rootstock. | Herbs, perennial, with slender to moderately thickened rootstock. |
Stems | prostrate, usually mat-forming, terete to slightly flattened, 40 cm, lower surface glabrous, upper surface strigillose, pilose or villous. |
erect, 20–65 cm. |
Leaves | opposite; stipules distinct, entire or divided into 3–4 subulate to filiform segments, 0.8–2 mm, usually pilose, rarely glabrous; petiole 0.5–1 mm, pilose to villous; blade oblong, ovate or narrowly obovate, 3–10(–12) × 2–6 mm, base strongly asymmetric, hemicordate, margins serrulate, apex obtuse to subacute, surfaces glabrous or slightly pilose; 3-veined from base, often only midvein conspicuous. |
petiole absent; blade linear to linear-elliptic or linear-lanceolate, 30–105 × 2–4(–7) mm, chartaceous, base attenuate, rounded, or nearly truncate, apex acute; only midvein evident. |
Involucre | narrowly turbinate, 1–1.2 × 0.4–0.7 mm, pilose; glands 4, yellow to pink, unequal, proximal pair oblong or linear, 0.1 × 0.3–0.4(–0.6) mm, distal pair oblong or subcircular, 0.1 × 0.1–0.2 mm; appendages pink to reddish, unequal, on proximal glands oblique, 0.4–0.8(–1) × 0.8–1.4(–2) mm, on distal glands symmetric, 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm, slightly undulate to slightly crenate. |
campanulate or obconic, 1.6–3.3 × 1.8–3.1 mm, lobes ovate, 0.5–0.7 mm, ciliate, exceeded by glands; glands yellow-green, oblong to trapezoidal, 0.5–0.8 × 0.8–1.2 mm, distal margins deeply erose. |
Staminate flowers | 5–15. |
20. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary pilose to strigillose in parts, glabrous in other parts; styles 0.8–1.3 mm, usually unbranched, rarely 2-fid at apex, filiform. |
gynophore exserted 2.9–5.3 mm, calyxlike lobes triangular, 0.3–0.7 mm; styles connate 1/3–1/4 length, 1.1–1.7 mm. |
Capsules | ovoid-triangular, 1.2–1.5 × 1–1.4 mm, pilose to strigillose in parts, glabrous in other parts; columella 1–1.3 mm. |
oblate-ovoid, 4.6–5.5 × 8.9–9 mm, strongly 3-lobed; columella 3.4–4.2 mm. |
Seeds | brown to light gray, ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 0.8–1 × 0.4–0.5 mm, with 4 or 5 deep transverse sulci alternating with low transverse ridges. |
brown to blackish, depressed-globose, circular in cross section, 2.8–3 × 3.2–3.6 mm, smooth, base flattened, with punctiform depressions, apex flattened. |
Cyathia | usually in small cymose clusters on congested, axillary branches; peduncle rudimentary or to 0.2 mm. |
peduncle (except for that of 1st cyathium at base of pleiochasia) 2–5 mm (not exceeding dichasial bracts). |
Cyathial | arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 3–5, 3–16 cm, 3–5(–7) times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts linear-lanceolate or narrowly ovate, 19–55 × 4–12 mm, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate; dichasial bracts usually ovate, lanceolate, or oblong, rarely deltate, 8–21 × 4–14 mm, margins entire, apex acute, acuminate, or rounded with mucronate tip; axillary cymose branches 1–3(–6). |
|
Euphorbia indivisa |
Euphorbia floridana |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall. |
Habitat | Grasslands, oak forests, oak-mesquite woodlands, oak-juniper communities, rarely entering desert scrub. | Xeric pine-oak sandhills, pine scrub, sandy soils. |
Elevation | 1000–2000 m. (3300–6600 ft.) | 20–80 m. (100–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
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AL; FL; GA
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Discussion | Euphorbia indivisa is characteristic of grasslands and oak woodlands from extreme western Texas to southeastern Arizona. The species is often treated as a synonym of E. dioeca Kunth, but the two species are readily separable on the basis of their seeds. The seeds of E. indivisa possess deep transverse sulci, whereas those of E. dioeca are merely rippled or with low transverse ridges. Euphorbia dioeca is a weedy species that occurs widely throughout tropical America but has yet to be encountered within the flora area. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 273. | FNA vol. 12, p. 314. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Nummulariopsis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. dioeca var. indivisa, Chamaesyce indivisa | Galarhoeus floridanus |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Tidestrom: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 40. (1935) | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 401. (1860) |
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