Euphorbia hyssopifolia |
Euphorbia serrula |
|
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hyssopleaf sandmat |
sawtooth sandmat |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | Herbs, annual, with slender taproot. |
Stems | erect to ascending, 80 cm, sparsely to densely pilose or pilose-crinkled proximally, usually glabrous distally. |
prostrate or ascending, 5–20 cm, usually pilose to villous, rarely glabrate. |
Leaves | opposite; stipules usually connate, irregularly lacerate, 0.5–1 mm, usually glabrous, occasionally with few marginal hairs; petiole 1–2 mm, glabrous; blade lanceolate to oblong or falcate, 8–35 × 7–15 mm, base asymmetric, rounded, margins serrulate, apex broadly acute, abaxial surface glabrous or sparsely pilose toward base, adaxial surface glabrous; palmately veined at base, pinnate distally. |
opposite; stipules usually distinct, rarely connate at base, triangular or laciniate into subulate segments, 1–1.8 mm, glabrous; petiole 0.3–0.8 mm, glabrous or villous; blade oblong, ovate, or elliptic, sometimes falcate, 3–11 × 2–5 mm, base asymmetric, rounded to hemicordate, margins sharply serrate to serrulate, usually with conspicuous teeth at base of leaf, apex usually obtuse, rarely acute, surfaces frequently with red blotch in center, not papillate, sparsely pilose to glabrate; only midvein conspicuous. |
Involucre | obconic, 0.9–1.1 × 0.7–0.9 mm, glabrous; glands 4(–5) (5th gland without appendage), yellow-green to maroon, elliptic to circular, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.3 mm; appendages spreading, usually white or turning reddish with age, short reniform or semilunate, 0.1–0.3 × 0.2–0.6 mm, distal margin entire or slightly undulate to crenate. |
obconic, 0.8–1.1 × 0.8–1 mm, glabrous; glands 4, greenish yellow, usually reniform to elliptic, rarely circular, 0.1 × 0.1–0.2 mm; appendages usually white, rarely light pink, orbiculate, 0.1–0.3 × 0.2–0.4 mm, distal margin entire or crenulate. |
Staminate flowers | 4–15. |
7–15. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary glabrous; styles 0.5–0.9 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
ovary glabrous; styles 0.3–0.5 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
Capsules | depressed-ovoid, 1.5–1.6 × 1.7–1.8 mm, glabrous; columella 1.5–2 mm. |
oblate, cocci not elongated nor terminating in empty portion, 2–2.6 × 3.2–3.7 mm, glabrous; columella 1.7–2.1 mm. |
Seeds | brown to grayish white, ovoid, slightly 4-angled in cross section, abaxial faces convex, adaxial faces slightly concave to slightly convex, 1–1.4 × 0.7–1.1 mm, with 2–3 prominent transverse ridges that do not interrupt adaxial keel, or coarsely and inconspicuously pitted-reticulate. |
white to light brown, broadly ellipsoid to ovoid, 3–4-angled in cross section, 1.5–1.8 × 1.1–1.3(–1.5) mm, smooth to minutely rugulose or with scattered small depressions. |
Cyathia | solitary or in small, cymose clusters occasionally with bractlike leaves at distal nodes or on congested, axillary branches; peduncle 0.5–2.5 mm. |
solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 0.4–1.8(–2.3) mm. |
2n | = 12, 14. |
|
Euphorbia hyssopifolia |
Euphorbia serrula |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late spring–early fall. | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall. |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, ditches, gardens. | Desert scrub, with creosote bush, grasslands with mesquite and yucca, rarely in ponderosa pine woodlands, often sandy substrates. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 300–1900 m. (1000–6200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AZ; FL; GA; LA; MS; NM; SC; TX; UT; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in tropical Asia, Africa, Australia]
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AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
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Discussion | Euphorbia hyssopifolia is native to the New World tropics and is probably also native to parts of the southern United States. However, at least some of the records from the flora area appear to be from adventive plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In Mexico, Euphorbia serrula is found from Chihuahua and Coahuila south to Puebla. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 272. | FNA vol. 12, p. 288. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chamaesyce hyssopifolia, E. jonesii, E. stenomeres | Chamaesyce serrula |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1048. (1759) | Engelmann: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 188. (1859) |
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