Euphorbia hypericifolia |
Euphorbia rayturneri |
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graceful sandmat, graceful spurge |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | Herbs, annual, with slender taproot. |
Stems | erect to ascending, 15–50 cm, glabrous. |
prostrate, 4–8 cm, uniformly strigillose. |
Leaves | opposite; stipules connate, deltate, usually entire, sometimes laciniate-fringed at tip, 1.5–2.2 mm, glabrous; petiole 1–3 mm, glabrous; blade obliquely oblong-oblanceolate, 10–35 × 7–15 mm, base asymmetric, oblique, margins serrate or serrulate, especially toward apex, apex broadly acute, surfaces glabrous; palmately veined at base, pinnate distally. |
opposite; stipules distinct, filiform, 0.6–0.9 mm, pilose; petiole 0.5–0.9 mm, strigillose; blade ovate to elliptic, often slightly falcate, 5–11 × 2–5 mm, base asymmetric, one side cordate, other round to attenuate, margins sharply serrulate, apex acute, surfaces often with red spot toward middle, abaxial surface strigillose, adaxial surface glabrescent; only midvein conspicuous. |
Involucre | obconic, 0.9–1.1 × 0.4–0.9 mm, glabrous; glands 4, yellow-green to brown, stipitate, subcircular, 0.2 × 0.2 mm, occasionally nearly rudimentary; appendages absent on smaller glands or white to pink, shape highly variable, usually round to ± elliptic, 0.3–0.4 × 0.5–0.7 mm, distal margin entire. |
obconic, 0.9–1.2 × 0.8–1.2 mm, strigillose; glands 4, green, yellow, or light pink, circular to oblong, 0.2 × 0.2–0.3 mm; appendages absent or green, yellow, or light pink, forming narrow margin on distal portion of gland, 0–0.1 × 0.2–0.3 mm, distal margin entire. |
Staminate flowers | (0–)2–20. |
5–8. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary glabrous; styles 0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
ovary strigillose-canescent; styles 0.3–0.4 mm, unbranched. |
Capsules | depressed-globoid, 1.3–1.4 × 1.1–1.5 mm, glabrous; columella 1–1.1 mm. |
oblate, 1.7–2 × 2.2–2.7 mm, strigillose; columella 1.5–1.9 mm. |
Seeds | with very thin whitish mucilaginous coat over light brown testa below, ovoid-triangular, bluntly 4-angled in cross section, 0.9–1.1 × 0.5 mm, with shallow irregular depressions alternating with low, smooth ridges. |
blackish brown, broadly ovoid, 3-angled in cross section, 1.2–1.4 × 1–1.1 mm, with 2 well-defined transverse ridges that do not pass through abaxial keel. |
Cyathia | in dense, axillary and terminal, capitate glomerules with reduced, bractlike leaves subtending cyathia; peduncle 0.5–1.8 mm. |
solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 0.5–1.6 mm. |
2n | = 14. |
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Euphorbia hypericifolia |
Euphorbia rayturneri |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting early spring–late fall. | Flowering and fruiting late summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Open, disturbed areas, nurseries. | Desert grasslands. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 1400–1700 m. (4600–5600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; OK; SC; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in Asia, Pacific Islands]
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NM |
Discussion | Euphorbia hypericifolia is native to the New World tropics, and it is most likely adventive in the flora area (where it is most widely distributed in Florida and Texas). Reports from Arizona, California, and Maryland likely represent waifs or misidentifications. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Euphorbia rayturneri is known from only three collections in extreme southwestern New Mexico. Given its close proximity to the Mexican border, the species may also occur in the adjacent states of Chihuahua or Sonora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 272. | FNA vol. 12, p. 286. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chamaesyce glomerifera, C. hypericifolia, E. glomerifera | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 454. (1753) | V. W. Steinmann & Jercinovic: Novon 22: 482, figs. 1, 2. (2013) |
Web links |