Euphorbia hypericifolia |
Euphorbia acuta |
|
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graceful sandmat, graceful spurge |
point sandmat |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | Herbs, perennial, with strongly thickened rootstock. |
Stems | erect to ascending, 15–50 cm, glabrous. |
ascending to erect, 5–30 cm, uniformly and densely canescent or sericeous. |
Leaves | opposite; stipules connate, deltate, usually entire, sometimes laciniate-fringed at tip, 1.5–2.2 mm, glabrous; petiole 1–3 mm, glabrous; blade obliquely oblong-oblanceolate, 10–35 × 7–15 mm, base asymmetric, oblique, margins serrate or serrulate, especially toward apex, apex broadly acute, surfaces glabrous; palmately veined at base, pinnate distally. |
opposite; stipules deciduous, sometimes appearing absent, distinct, brown, linear-subulate, thin, 0.3–0.8 mm, canescent; petiole 0.4–1.2 mm, moderately to densely canescent; blade ovate to lanceolate, 6–20 × 3–8 mm, base subsymmetric, rounded to cuneate, margins entire, strongly involute, apex long-acuminate, spinulose, abaxial surface canescent to densely sericeous, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely canescent; 3-veined from base but only midvein conspicuous. |
Involucre | obconic, 0.9–1.1 × 0.4–0.9 mm, glabrous; glands 4, yellow-green to brown, stipitate, subcircular, 0.2 × 0.2 mm, occasionally nearly rudimentary; appendages absent on smaller glands or white to pink, shape highly variable, usually round to ± elliptic, 0.3–0.4 × 0.5–0.7 mm, distal margin entire. |
turbinate to urceolate, 2–2.6 × 1.7–2.5 mm, villous to lanate; glands 4, yellow-green to orange or red, slightly concave, oblong-elliptic, 0.2–0.4 × 0.6–1.5 mm; appendages white, flabellate, 1.1–2.1 × 0.2–0.6 mm, distal margin shallowly and irregularly toothed. |
Staminate flowers | (0–)2–20. |
20–25. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary glabrous; styles 0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
ovary strigose, pubescent to villous; styles 0.6–0.9 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
Capsules | depressed-globoid, 1.3–1.4 × 1.1–1.5 mm, glabrous; columella 1–1.1 mm. |
subglobose to broadly ovoid, 2.8–3.7 mm diam., strigose, pubescent to villous; columella 2.3–3 mm. |
Seeds | with very thin whitish mucilaginous coat over light brown testa below, ovoid-triangular, bluntly 4-angled in cross section, 0.9–1.1 × 0.5 mm, with shallow irregular depressions alternating with low, smooth ridges. |
white, ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 2.2–2.6 × 1.1–1.4 mm, smooth to finely reticulate. |
Cyathia | in dense, axillary and terminal, capitate glomerules with reduced, bractlike leaves subtending cyathia; peduncle 0.5–1.8 mm. |
solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 1.3–3.2 mm. |
2n | = 28, 48, 56. |
|
Euphorbia hypericifolia |
Euphorbia acuta |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting early spring–late fall. | Flowering and fruiting spring–fall. |
Habitat | Open, disturbed areas, nurseries. | Desert scrub, grasslands, oak-juniper savannas, limestone, rocky, sandy, or clay soils. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 400–1900 m. (1300–6200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; OK; SC; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in Asia, Pacific Islands]
|
NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila) |
Discussion | Euphorbia hypericifolia is native to the New World tropics, and it is most likely adventive in the flora area (where it is most widely distributed in Florida and Texas). Reports from Arizona, California, and Maryland likely represent waifs or misidentifications. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Euphorbia acuta is easily distinguished in the field by its relatively large, strongly involute, hairy, and acutely pointed leaves. The name Euphorbia acuta Engelmann has been proposed for conservation against the earlier name E. acuta Bellardi ex Colla (P. E. Berry et al. 2011). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 272. | FNA vol. 12, p. 259. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chamaesyce glomerifera, C. hypericifolia, E. glomerifera | Chamaesyce acuta, E. acuta var. stenophylla, E. georgei |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 454. (1753) | Engelmann: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 189. (1859) — name proposed for conservation |
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