Euphorbia glyptosperma |
Euphorbia ocellata |
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corrugate-seed spurge, rib-seed sandmat, ridge-seed spurge |
Contura Creek sandmat, Contura Creek spurge, valley spurge |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | ||||
Stems | prostrate, loosely mat-forming, 5–40 cm, glabrous, sometimes slightly glaucous. |
prostrate, 10–35 cm, glabrous or pilose. |
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Leaves | opposite; stipules usually distinct, linear-subulate, usually irregularly fringed or lobed, rarely laciniate, 0.4–2 mm, glabrous; petiole 0.2–2 mm, glabrous; blade narrowly oblong to oblong-obovate or oblong-ovate, 3–15 × 2–7 mm, base asymmetric, one side angled and other rounded to shallowly cordate, margins minutely sparsely serrulate, especially near apex and on longer side, apex rounded to obtuse, abaxial surface usually pale grayish green, adaxial surface sometimes reddish tinged or with reddish blotch, both surfaces glabrous; palmately veined at base, pinnate distally. |
opposite; stipules distinct, subulate, 0.5–1.6 mm, glabrous or pilose; petiole 0.3–2 mm, glabrous or pilose; blade ovate to deltate or falcate, 2.3–13 × 1.5–6 mm, base asymmetric, usually cordate, rarely rounded, margins occasionally reddish, entire, often revolute, apex acute to obtuse, occasionally mucronate, surfaces glabrous or pilose; midvein conspicuous, lateral veins frequently visible abaxially. |
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Involucre | obconic, 0.6–0.9 × 0.3–0.6 mm, glabrous; glands 4, red to purple, narrowly oblong-elliptic, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.5 mm; appendages white or pinkish tinged, semilunate and fringing distal margin of gland, 0.1–0.3 × 0.1–0.3 mm, distal margin usually irregularly crenulate or lobed. |
campanulate, 1–2.5 × 1.3–2.4 mm, glabrous or pilose; glands 4, yellow becoming deep red, elliptic or oblong to orbiculate, 0.4–0.6 × 0.5–0.7 mm; appendages absent or whitish, orbiculate, 0.1–0.2 × 0.3–0.5 mm, distal margin entire. |
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Staminate flowers | 1–5. |
30–70. |
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Pistillate flowers | ovary glabrous; styles 0.1–0.3 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
ovary glabrous or pilose; styles 0.4–0.5 mm, 2-fid at apex. |
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Capsules | broadly ovoid, 1.3–1.9 × 1.6–2 mm, glabrous; columella 1.3–1.5 mm. |
subglobose to broadly ovoid, 1.4–2.7 × 1.9–3.1 mm, glabrous or pilose; columella 1.4–2 mm. |
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Seeds | with thin white coat that readily falls off, surface below tan brown, oblong-ovoid, sharply angular in cross section, 1–1.4 × 0.6–0.9 mm, with 3–4(–6) prominent transverse ridges that usually interrupt abaxial keel. |
whitish gray to black, ovoid to oblong, terete to bluntly subangled in cross section, 1.1–1.7 × 0.8–1.3 mm, rugose or smooth. |
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Cyathia | solitary or in small, cymose clusters at distal nodes; peduncle 0.5–1.6 mm. |
solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 0.9–2.2 mm. |
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2n | = 22. |
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Euphorbia glyptosperma |
Euphorbia ocellata |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting early summer–fall. | |||||
Habitat | Stream and river banks, sand prairies, loess hill prairies, meadows, ballast, open disturbed areas, roadsides. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1800 m. (0–5900 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; SD; TN; TX; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)
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AZ; CA; ID; NV; UT
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Discussion | Euphorbia glyptosperma is one of the most widespread species of the genus in North America, and it is often quite weedy. It is likely native to much of the central United States, but in areas like eastern Canada, it occurs in highly disturbed habitats, and it may be adventive there. Euphorbia glyptosperma is characterized by its prominently ridged seeds, laciniate stipules, complete lack of pubescence, and somewhat obscure toothing near the tips of the leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 269. | FNA vol. 12, p. 279. | ||||
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Chamaesyce glyptosperma | Chamaesyce ocellata | ||||
Name authority | Engelmann: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 187. (1859) | Durand & Hilgard: Pl. Heermann., 46. (1854) | ||||
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