Flora of North America species comparison

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Euphorbia geyeri

Euphorbia inundata

Geyer's sandmat, Geyer's spurge

Florida pineland spurge
Habit Herbs, annual, with taproot. Herbs, perennial, with thickened rootstock.
Stems

prostrate or slightly ascending, loosely mat-forming, 4–25(–45) cm, glabrous.

erect or ascending, 15–40 cm.
Leaves

opposite;

stipules usually distinct, occasionally connate basally on lower side, usually deeply parted into 3 or more filiform segments, 0.7–1.5 mm, glabrous;

petiole 1–2 mm, glabrous;

blade oblong to oblong-obovate or oblong-elliptic, 4–12 × 2–6 mm, base slightly asymmetric, angled or rounded, with one side usually expanded into small, rounded auricle, margins entire, apex usually truncate, occasionally emarginate, abaxial surface pale grayish green, both surfaces glabrous;

only midvein conspicuous or venation obscurely pinnate (larger leaves).

petiole absent or indistinct, blade linear to linear-elliptic or lanceolate, (25–)30–60(–115) × 1.5–14(–15) mm, chartaceous, base attenuate, apex acuminate, acute, or rounded and mucronate;

only midvein evident.
Involucre

broadly campanulate, 1–1.5 × 0.7–0.9 mm, glabrous;

glands 4, green to reddish, elliptic-oblong to nearly circular, slightly cupped to folded, 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.6 mm;

appendages rudimentary to absent or white to reddish-tinged, usually rounded, sometimes pointed, (0–)0.5–1 × (0–)0.1–1.2 mm, distal margin entire or slightly toothed.

obconic or campanulate, 1.3–3.2 × 1.6–3.6 mm, lobes ovate, oblong, or nearly rectangular, 0.6–1 mm, laciniate-ciliate;

glands red to greenish, oblong or nearly circular, 0.8–1 × 1.1–2 mm, distal margins crenulate-erose, undulate, or entire.
Staminate flowers

5–20.

20–25.
Pistillate flowers

ovary glabrous;

styles 0.2–0.6 mm, 2-fid nearly 1/2 length.

gynophore exserted 2.6–6.1 mm, calyxlike lobes triangular to subulate, 0.6–1.4 mm;

styles connate 1/8 length, 1.3–2.2 mm.
Capsules

globose-ovoid, 1.5–2 × 1.5–3 mm, glabrous;

columella 1.5–1.9 mm.

oblate-ovoid, 5.1–6.1 × 6.9–8.6 mm, 3-lobed;

columella 3.9–4.7 mm.
Seeds

ashy white, ovoid, terete to bluntly subangled in cross section, 1.1–1.7 × 0.9–1.2 mm, smooth, with smooth brown line from top to bottom on adaxial side.

brown to blackish, ovoid-globose, circular or faintly 3- or 4-angled in cross section, 2.9–3.4 × 2.7–3 mm, smooth, base flattened or rounded, apex rounded or with inconspicuous blunt point.
Cyathia

solitary or in small, cymose clusters at distal nodes;

peduncle 1–2 mm.

peduncle 6–24 mm (often exceeding dichasial bracts).
Cyathial

arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 2–3, 5–18 cm, 3–8 times 2-branched;

pleiochasial bracts linear-lanceolate or narrowly ovate, 25–49 × 5–9 mm, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate;

dichasial bracts ovate or lanceolate, 6–21 × 2–6 mm, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate;

axillary cymose branches 1–5.

Euphorbia geyeri

Euphorbia inundata
Distribution
from FNA
CO; IA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; UT; WI; WY; MB; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; MS
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The two varieties of Euphorbia geyeri have been distinguished in large part by the presence of conspicuous involucral gland appendages in var. geyeri and the lack of appendages in var. wheeleriana. The two varieties are recognized here, but the variation in the size and presence of involucral gland appendages in the closely related E. bombensis suggests that this might be a somewhat variable character in this group of species.

Euphorbia geyeri is widespread throughout the central United States in sandy soils. Populations at the eastern edge of the range are often considered adventive (for example, sandy soils along railroad grades in Michigan). Euphorbia geyeri resembles E. glyptosperma (both being entirely glabrous), but that species has serrulate leaves (near the apex) and strongly angled, transverse-ridged seeds whereas E. geyeri has entire leaves and smooth, rounded seeds.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Euphorbia inundata has a disjunct distribution in the southeastern United States. Allopatric, narrow-leaved populations from the west-central Florida peninsula are segregated as var. garrettii (E. L. Bridges and S. L. Orzell 2002).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Involucral gland appendages present; staminate flowers 5–9; seeds 1.1–1.4(–1.6) mm.
var. geyeri
1. Involucral gland appendages absent or rudimentary; staminate flowers 10–20; seeds 1.6–1.7 mm.
var. wheeleriana
1. Leaf blades usually linear to narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, (3–)4–14(–15) mm wide, length usually 5–10(–25) times width; apex obtuse to short-acute; se Mississippi to ne Florida.
var. inundata
1. Leaf blades narrowly linear, linear, or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) mm wide, length 15–20(–50) times width, apex short-acute to acuminate; wc Florida.
var. garrettii
Source FNA vol. 12, p. 268. FNA vol. 12, p. 314.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Nummulariopsis
Sibling taxa
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana
Subordinate taxa
E. geyeri var. geyeri, E. geyeri var. wheeleriana
E. inundata var. garrettii, E. inundata var. inundata
Synonyms Chamaesyce geyeri Galarhoeus inundatus
Name authority Engelmann: Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 260. (1845) Torrey ex Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 402. (1860)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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