|
summer spurge
|
sickle spurge
|
| Herbs, perennial, with spreading rootstock. |
Herbs, annual, with taproot. |
erect or ascending, unbranched, solitary or few, previous year's dead stems not persistent, 45–70 cm, usually densely puberulent to sericeous, rarely glabrous. |
erect, unbranched or branched, 5–20 cm, glabrous. |
alternate; stipules to 0.1 mm; petiole (0–)1–2 mm (or absent), densely puberulent; blade usually linear, rarely ovate, 25–55 × 1.5–4 mm, base cuneate, margins entire, revolute, apex rounded, abaxial surface glabrous or puberulent to sericeous, adaxial surface glabrous; venation often obscure on smaller leaves, midvein conspicuous. |
petiole absent; blade obovate, linear-oblong, or spatulate, 2–20 × 2–10 mm, base cuneate or attenuate, margins entire, apex acute, obtuse, emarginate, or mucronate, surfaces glabrous; venation usually inconspicuous, sometimes 3-nerved from base, midvein prominent. |
campanulate, 1.2–1.4 × 1.2–2 mm, sparsely to densely puberulent; glands 5, green, reniform, 0.2–0.3 × 0.5–0.6 mm; appendages white, orbiculate to oblong, (0.5–)1–1.7 × 1–1.5 mm, entire. |
cupulate, 0.5–1.2 × 0.6–1.3 mm, glabrous; glands 4, elliptic to orbiculate, 0.2–0.3 × 0.3–0.8 mm; horns usually absent, occasionally divergent, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
20–25. |
6–10. |
ovary glabrous or sparsely strigose; styles 0.5–1.1 mm, 2-fid at apex to 1/2 length. |
ovary pilose only at base, styles 0.9–1.1 mm, 2-fid. |
globose, 1.8–3 × 2.5–4.8 mm, glabrous or sparsely strigose; columella 2.3–2.5 mm. |
subovoid, 2–3 × 1.8–3 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded, smooth, glabrous or slightly pilose along abaxial region; columella 1.1–1.8 mm. |
light gray, ovoid, 2 × 1.2–1.3 mm, smooth or with few, very shallow depressions; caruncle absent. |
grayish, whitish, or light brownish, ovoid, 1.2–1.8 × 0.7–1.1 mm, transversally sulcate; caruncle subglobose to subconic, 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm. |
in terminal pleiochasia; peduncle 5–15 mm, filiform, glabrous or very sparsely puberulent to sericeous. |
peduncle 0–2 mm. |
|
arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 2–5, each 2–6 times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts similar in shape to but usually shorter and wider than distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct, widely ovate, rhombic, or suborbiculate, imbricate, base cordate, truncate or cuneate, margins finely denticulate, apex acute or obtuse, strongly mucronate; axillary cymose branches 0–10. |
|
|
|
|
| Flowering and fruiting late spring–fall. |
Flowering and fruiting spring–summer. |
| Sand hills, pine savannas, woodland borders, open fields with sandy soils. |
Waste places, roadsides. |
| 0–150 m. (0–500 ft.) |
0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.) |
|
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; TX
|
KY; MD; OH; PA; TN; VA; WV; s Europe; c Europe; w Asia; c Asia; s Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America (Chile)] |
M. J. Huft (1979) remarked that Euphorbia discoidalis is uncommon west of Alabama and referred many narrow-leaved specimens from Louisiana and Texas to E. corollata. K. R. Park (1998) included them in an expanded E. discoidalis, and that is followed here. The western populations can be distinguished from E. corollata by their shorter involucral gland appendages and revolute leaf margins. Further study of these western populations is warranted. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
| FNA vol. 12, p. 245. |
FNA vol. 12, p. 302. |
| Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Alectoroctonum |
Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula |
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana |
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana |
| Tithymalopsis discoidalis |
Tithymalus falcatus |
| Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 401. (1860) |
Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 456. (1753) |
| |
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