Euphorbia cuphosperma |
Euphorbia platyphyllos |
|
---|---|---|
hairy-fruit spurge |
broad-leaf spurge |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | Herbs, annual, with taproot. |
Stems | erect, 13–20 cm, both pilose to villous and densely strigillose; branches ± straight. |
erect, unbranched or branched, 15–80 cm, usually glabrous, rarely pilose. |
Leaves | usually opposite, occasionally alternate at distal nodes; petiole 3–15 mm, pilose; blade narrowly to broadly elliptic, or lanceolate to ovate, 30–80 × 10–15 mm, base cuneate to rounded, margins coarsely crenate-dentate, strigose, revolute to nearly flat, apex broadly acute to acuminate, or obtuse, abaxial surface pilose, adaxial surface sparsely strigose-hirsute; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. |
petiole absent; blade oblanceolate or obovate, 20–50 × 5–10 mm, base subcordate or cuneate, margins finely serrulate, apex usually acute, occasionally obtuse, occasionally mucronulate, surfaces usually sparsely pilose, occasionally glabrate; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. |
Involucre | campanulate to slightly cylindric, 2.3 × 1.2 mm, glabrous; involucral lobes divided into several linear, smooth lobes; gland 1, yellow-green, stipitate, clavate, 1–1.2 × 0.8–0.9 mm, opening bilabiate and oblong, glabrous; appendages absent. |
cupulate, 0.9–1.2 × 1.3–1.6 mm, sparsely pilose; glands 4, elliptic to ovate, 0.5–0.7 × 0.7–1 mm; horns absent. |
Staminate flowers | 3–5. |
10–12. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary pilose; styles 1.2 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length. |
ovary glabrous, styles 1.6–1.8 mm, 2-fid. |
Capsules | broadly ovoid, 2.2–3 × 1.9–2.7 mm, 3-lobed, pilose; columella 2–2.4 mm. |
globose or subglobose, 2.5–3 × 2.5–3 mm, slightly 3-lobed; cocci rounded, sparsely verrucose, glabrous; columella 1.9–2.1 mm. |
Seeds | gray-brown to pale gray, pyramidally ovoid, angular in cross section, 2.3–2.6 × 2.4–2.6 mm, coarsely tuberculate, tubercles in 2 transverse rows; caruncle 0.2–0.4 mm. |
dark brown, ovoid, dorsiventrally compressed, 2–2.2 × 1.5–1.7 mm, smooth; caruncle ± reniform, 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.5 mm. |
Cyathial | arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches usually 3, occasionally reduced to congested cyme, 1–2-branched; pleiochasial bracts 2–4, often whorled, wholly green or paler green at base, similar in shape and size to distal leaves or slightly narrower; dichasial bracts highly reduced. |
arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches (3–)5, proximalmost node 3-branched, more distal ones 1–3 times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts similar in shape and size to distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct, ovate-triangular, base obtuse, margins finely serrulate, apex obtuse, mucronulate; axillary cymose branches 0–7(–14). |
Cyathia | peduncle 0.5–0.8 mm. |
peduncle absent. |
2n | = 56. |
|
Euphorbia cuphosperma |
Euphorbia platyphyllos |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. | Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Open montane and canyon forests, pinyon-juniper forests, montane grasslands, stream beds, disturbed habitats. | Lake shores, roadsides, waste places. |
Elevation | 800–2000 m. (2600–6600 ft.) | 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; Mexico; Central America (Guatemala)
|
MA; MI; NC; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VT; WA; ON; s Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America (Argentina, Chile, Paraguay)] |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 319. | FNA vol. 12, p. 307. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Poinsettia | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. dentata var. cuphosperma, Poinsettia cuphosperma | Galarhoeus platyphyllos, Tithymalus platyphyllos |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Boissier: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 73. (1862) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 460. (1753) |
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