Euphorbia cuphosperma |
Euphorbia pergamena |
|
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hairy-fruit spurge |
rocklands spurge, Southern Florida sandmat |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | Herbs, perennial, with moderately to strongly thickened rootstock. |
Stems | erect, 13–20 cm, both pilose to villous and densely strigillose; branches ± straight. |
prostrate to ascending, occasionally mat-forming, terete to slightly flattened, 5–18 cm, glabrous on lower surface, strigillose to sericeous on upper surface. |
Leaves | usually opposite, occasionally alternate at distal nodes; petiole 3–15 mm, pilose; blade narrowly to broadly elliptic, or lanceolate to ovate, 30–80 × 10–15 mm, base cuneate to rounded, margins coarsely crenate-dentate, strigose, revolute to nearly flat, apex broadly acute to acuminate, or obtuse, abaxial surface pilose, adaxial surface sparsely strigose-hirsute; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. |
opposite; stipules distinct, subulate, better developed on lower side of stem, 0.4–1.3 mm, glabrous or pilose; petiole 0.3–0.5 mm, puberulent, sericeous, or strigillose; blade oblong to ovate, 4–7 × 2–4 mm, base asymmetric, hemicordate, larger side sometimes amplexicaulous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse, surfaces puberulent, sericeous, or strigillose; 3-veined from base, lateral veins inconspicuous. |
Involucre | campanulate to slightly cylindric, 2.3 × 1.2 mm, glabrous; involucral lobes divided into several linear, smooth lobes; gland 1, yellow-green, stipitate, clavate, 1–1.2 × 0.8–0.9 mm, opening bilabiate and oblong, glabrous; appendages absent. |
campanulate, 1–1.3 × 1–1.1 mm, canescent; glands 4, pinkish, oblong or reniform, 0.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm; appendages white to pink, lunate, unequal, those of proximal glands oblique, 0.6–1 × 1.4–1.6 mm, those of distal glands symmetric, 0.3 × 0.8–0.9 mm, irregularly undulate to incised. |
Staminate flowers | 3–5. |
15. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary pilose; styles 1.2 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length. |
ovary puberulent, sericeous or strigillose; styles 0.5–1 mm, 2-fid at apex. |
Capsules | broadly ovoid, 2.2–3 × 1.9–2.7 mm, 3-lobed, pilose; columella 2–2.4 mm. |
oblate, well exserted from involucre at maturity, 1–1.3 × 1.3–1.8 mm, puberulent, sericeous or strigillose; columella 1 mm. |
Seeds | gray-brown to pale gray, pyramidally ovoid, angular in cross section, 2.3–2.6 × 2.4–2.6 mm, coarsely tuberculate, tubercles in 2 transverse rows; caruncle 0.2–0.4 mm. |
whitish to gray, ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 0.7–0.8 × 0.5–0.6 mm, with 3–4 transverse sulci alternating with low transverse ridges. |
Cyathial | arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches usually 3, occasionally reduced to congested cyme, 1–2-branched; pleiochasial bracts 2–4, often whorled, wholly green or paler green at base, similar in shape and size to distal leaves or slightly narrower; dichasial bracts highly reduced. |
|
Cyathia | peduncle 0.5–0.8 mm. |
solitary at distal nodes or at nodes of short, congested, axillary shoots; peduncle to 0.5 mm. |
2n | = 56. |
|
Euphorbia cuphosperma |
Euphorbia pergamena |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. | Flowering and fruiting year-round. |
Habitat | Open montane and canyon forests, pinyon-juniper forests, montane grasslands, stream beds, disturbed habitats. | Crevices of limestone outcrops in pinelands and pine-palm woods. |
Elevation | 800–2000 m. (2600–6600 ft.) | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; Mexico; Central America (Guatemala)
|
FL; West Indies (Cuba, Hispaniola) |
Discussion | Euphorbia pergamena is a Florida-listed threatened species known within the flora area from only Miami-Dade and Monroe counties in extreme southern Florida. The species is often included as a subspecies of E. adenoptera (for example, D. G. Burch 1965), but here A. Herndon (1993b) is followed and it is treated as a distinct species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 319. | FNA vol. 12, p. 282. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Poinsettia | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | E. dentata var. cuphosperma, Poinsettia cuphosperma | Chamaesyce adenoptera subsp. pergamena, C. pergamena, E. adenoptera subsp. pergamena |
Name authority | (Engelmann) Boissier: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 73. (1862) | Small: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 615. (1898) |
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