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tinted euphorbia, tinted woodland spurge
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weak spurge
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| Herbs, usually biennial, occasionally annual, with taproot. |
Herbs, annual, with taproot. |
erect or ascending, decumbent and often branched near base, 10–40 cm, glabrous. |
erect, unbranched, 7–20 cm, glabrous. |
petiole usually 5–10 mm, 0–1 mm distally; blade usually oblanceolate to obovate, rarely ovate, 5–30 × 3–10 mm, base broadly attenuate, margins entire, apex usually obtuse to rounded, occasionally slightly retuse, surfaces glabrous; venation pinnate, midvein prominent. |
petiole 1–2 mm, reduced distally; blade spatulate-cuneate, 8–10 × 4–5 mm (greatly reduced in size proximally), base cuneate, margins entire, apex rounded to emarginate or obcordate, surfaces glabrous; venation pinnate. |
campanulate, 1.7–2.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous; glands 4, crescent-shaped; 0.6–1 × 0.8–1.5 mm; horns divergent, 0.5–1.1 mm. |
campanulate, 0.8–1.1 × 0.7–1 mm, glabrous; glands 4, elliptic to trapezoidal, 0.3–0.6 × 0.6–1.2 mm; horns divergent, 0.5–1 mm. |
9–15. |
10–15. |
ovary glabrous; styles 0.9–1.3 mm, 2-fid. |
ovary smooth, glabrous; styles 0.6–1 mm, 2-fid. |
ovoid-globose, 2.5–3.2 × 3 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded to ± flattened, smooth, glabrous; columella 1.5–2 mm. |
depressed-globose, 1.8–2.2 × 2.2–2.9 mm, slightly lobed; cocci rounded to slightly flattened, smooth, glabrous; columella 1.5–1.8 mm. |
white to gray, broadly oblong-elliptic to ovoid or nearly globose, 1.5–2 × 1.3–1.6 mm, strongly small-pitted; caruncle irregularly winglike, conic, 0.6–1 × 0.7–0.9 mm. |
reddish brown to brown, often glaucous, oblong, 1.3–1.4 × 0.8–0.9 mm, abaxial faces with 15–20 shallow pits or almost smooth, adaxial faces with 4–6 large shallow pits or irregular oblong grooves; caruncle conic, hat-shaped, 0.3–0.4 × 0.4–0.6 mm. |
arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches (2–)3(–4), 1–3+ times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts similar in shape and size to distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct to basally subconnate, not imbricate, widely ovate, rhombic, or reniform, base cordate, rarely slightly perfoliate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, mucronulate; axillary cymose branches 0–5. |
arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 3, each 1–3(–4) times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts obovate, similar in size to distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct or basally subconnate, not imbricate, triangular-ovate, base truncate or cordate, margins entire, apex mucronate; axillary cymose branches 1–4. |
peduncle 0.5–1 mm. |
peduncle 0.2–0.6 mm. |
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| Flowering and fruiting spring–summer. |
Flowering and fruiting spring. |
| Bottomland and upland forests, bluffs and ledges, stream banks, glades, rarely fen margins. |
Sandy soils, dry open woods. |
| 50–1000 m. (200–3300 ft.) |
0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
|
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; VA; WI; WV; ON
|
LA; OK; TX |
|
Euphorbia tetrapora is endemic to a portion of the western Gulf coastal plain. D. S. Correll and M. C. Johnston (1970) included Alabama and Georgia in the distribution of this species as well, probably due to Engelmann’s citation of a Georgia specimen from the herbarium of Samuel Boykin. Whether the Boykin specimen came from Georgia, where Boykin was based, is unclear. Because no records to support its occurrence in the eastern Gulf coastal plain (Alabama or Georgia) have been found, those states are here excluded from the distribution of E. tetrapora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
| FNA vol. 12, p. 300. |
FNA vol. 12, p. 311. |
| Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula |
Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula |
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana |
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana |
| Galarhoeus austrinus, G. commutatus, Tithymalus commutatus |
Tithymalus tetraporus |
| Engelmann: in A. Gray, Manual ed. 2, 389. (1856) |
Engelmann: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 191. (1859) |
| |
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