Flora of North America species comparison

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Euphorbia chamaesula

Euphorbia cyparissias

mountain spurge

cypress spurge, euphorbe cypress, graveyard spurge
Habit Herbs, perennial, with thick rootstock. Herbs, perennial, with slender, spreading rootstock.
Stems

erect, branched, 40–90 cm, glabrous.

erect or ascending, unbranched or branched, often with short axillary vegetative shoots with very narrow leaves, 10–50 cm, glabrous.
Leaves

petiole 0.5–1 mm;

blade elliptic to oblong, 8–20(–40) × 3–6 mm, base truncate, rounded, or attenuate, margins entire, apex obtuse or acute, sometimes slightly mucronate, surfaces glabrous;

venation inconspicuous, only midvein prominent.

petiole absent;

blade linear to linear-ovate or linear-oblanceolate, 5–30 × 0.5–3 mm, base rounded to cuneate, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, surfaces glabrous;

venation inconspicuous, only midvein prominent.
Involucre

turbinate or campanulate, 1.5–2.5 × 1.1–1.9 mm, glabrous;

glands 4, crescent-shaped to semicircular, 0.5–0.8 × 1–1.8 mm;

horns usually convergent, 0.2–0.8 mm.

campanulate to slightly urceolate, 1.5–2 × 0.9–1.1 mm, glabrous;

glands 4, crescent-shaped; 0.4–0.6 × 0.7–1.3 mm;

horns convergent, 0.1–0.5 mm.
Staminate flowers

8–12.

15–25.
Pistillate flowers

ovary glabrous;

styles 1–1.8 mm, 2-fid.

ovary glabrous;

styles 1–1.2 mm, 2-fid.
Capsules

depressed-ovoid, 4.3–5 × 5–6 mm, 3-lobed;

cocci rounded, smooth, glabrous;

columella 3.5–4 mm.

subglobose, 2.5–3 × 3–4 mm, slightly lobed;

cocci rounded, granulate, glabrous;

columella 1.9–2.1 mm.
Seeds

gray to dark brown, ovoid-oblong, truncate at both ends, 2.6–3.4 × 2–2.6 mm, shallowly pitted to almost smooth;

caruncle conic, 1 × 0.8 mm.

blackish, ovoid-oblong, 1.8–2.5 × 1.4–1.7 mm, smooth;

caruncle nipple-shaped or subreniform, 0.2–0.4 × 0.7–1.1 mm.
Cyathial

arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 3–5(–6), each 3–4 times 2-branched;

pleiochasial bracts ovate-lanceolate to slightly subpandurate, similar in size or wider than distal leaves;

dichasial bracts distinct, lanceolate to broadly ovate, base usually truncate to rounded or subcordate, sometimes attenuate, margins entire or slightly crenulate, apex usually obtuse to acute, occasionally acuminate;

axillary cymose branches 2–8.

arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 6–25, each 1–2-times 2-branched;

pleiochasial bracts similar in shape to distal leaves except shorter and wider;

dichasial bracts distinct, widely ovate, rhombic or reniform, base obtuse to truncate, margins entire, apex acute or obtuse, sometimes mucronulate;

axillary cymose branches 0–15.
Cyathia

peduncle 1–3 mm.

peduncle 0–0.5 mm.
2n

= 26.

Euphorbia chamaesula

Euphorbia cyparissias
Phenology Flowering and fruiting spring–summer. Flowering and fruiting spring–fall.
Habitat Clearings in ponderosa pine forests, montane roadsides, dry streambeds, creek banks, sandy and gravelly soils. Fields, roadsides, waste places.
Elevation 1700–2700 m. (5600–8900 ft.) 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Euphorbia chamaesula is easily distinguished from other perennial members of subg. Esula in western North America by its larger capsules and the vegetative shoots (without cyathia) that arise from the distal nodes of the stem proximal to the pleiochasia.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 12, p. 300. FNA vol. 12, p. 301.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula
Sibling taxa
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana
Synonyms Tithymalus chamaesula Galarhoeus cyparissias, Tithymalus cyparissias
Name authority Boissier: Cent. Euphorb., 38. (1860) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 461. (1753)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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