Euphorbia chaetocalyx |
Euphorbia stictospora |
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bristlecup sandmat |
mat spurge, narrow-seed spurge, slimseed sandmat |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, with woody, thickened taproot. | Herbs, annual, with taproot. | ||||
Stems | usually erect, rarely slightly decumbent, often densely clustered from top of woody crown, 3–15 cm, glabrous. |
prostrate, often mat-forming, occasionally with ascending tips, 5–45 cm, densely and evenly pilose to lanate. |
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Leaves | opposite; stipules distinct, narrowly linear, usually entire, 0.5–1 mm, glabrous; petiole 0.5–1 mm, glabrous; blade ovate to lanceolate or oblong- or linear-lanceolate, 3–11 × 0.8–3(–5) mm, base slightly asymmetric, short-tapered, occasionally one side slightly rounded, margins entire, apex acute or short-acuminate, surfaces glabrous; only midvein conspicuous. |
opposite; stipules distinct or connate basally on one side of stem, entire or irregularly toothed or fringed, 0.5–1.2 mm, pilose to lanate; petiole 0.3–1.5 mm, pilose to lanate; blade usually oblong to oblong-obovate, occasionally nearly circular, 3–10(–15) × 2–5(–10) mm, base asymmetric, one side usually angled or rounded and other truncate-auriculate, margins minutely or conspicuously serrulate at least toward apex, apex usually broadly rounded to broadly acute, occasionally emarginate, abaxial surface often ± lighter green and without reddish spot, both surfaces sparsely to moderately pilose to lanate; 3-veined from base or venation obscure. |
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Involucre | campanulate to turbinate, 0.8–1.4 × 0.8–1 mm, glabrous; glands 4, yellow-brown to reddish, concave or convex, elliptic or oval, 0.2–0.4 × 0.4–0.6 mm; appendages absent or white, lanceolate-deltate to straplike, 0.2–1.1 × 0.2–0.9 mm, distal margin entire, crenate, or deeply cleft or divided. |
obconic, 0.7–1 × 0.4–0.6 mm, moderately to densely pilose to lanate; glands 4, reddish, ± unequal, oblong, 0.1 × 0.1–0.3 mm; appendages white to strongly pinkish or reddish tinged, often unequal, sometimes 1 to all absent, 0–0.3 × 0–0.4 mm, 3-lobed or rudimentarily 1-lobed, distal margin crenate. |
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Staminate flowers | 25–35. |
3–9. |
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Pistillate flowers | ovary glabrous; styles 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
ovary pilose to villous, hairs occasionally slightly appressed; styles 0.2–0.5 mm, unbranched or inconspicuously notched at tip. |
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Capsules | depressed-ovoid to depressed-globose, 1.7–2.1 × 1.6–2.4 mm, glabrous; columella 1.2–1.8 mm. |
ovoid, 1.6–2.3 × 1.4–1.5 mm, moderately to densely villous with hairs usually slightly appressed, pubescence often concentrated on proximal 1/2 or along lobes; columella 1.5–2 mm. |
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Seeds | white, ovoid-pyramidal, prominently 4-angled in cross section, 1.6–2 × 1–1.2 mm, smooth to slightly wrinkled. |
light to dark brown, usually mottled, sometimes with thin, white coating, often wearing away irregularly, narrowly oblong-ovoid to ellipsoid, 3–4-angled in cross section, 1–1.5 × 0.5–0.6 mm, with short, irregularly interrupted furrows, appearing partially and irregularly few-ridged. |
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Cyathia | solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 0.8–1.3 mm. |
solitary at leaf nodes or in small, cymose clusters on congested, axillary branches; peduncle 0.7–2.5 mm. |
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Euphorbia chaetocalyx |
Euphorbia stictospora |
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Phenology | Flowering and fruiting midsummer–early fall. | |||||
Habitat | Open disturbed areas, rocky slopes. | |||||
Elevation | 100–2100 m. (300–6900 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; n Mexico
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AZ; CO; IA; KS; MO; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, San Luis Potosí)
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Euphorbia chaetocalyx is similar to E. fendleri but can generally be distinguished from that species by its narrow, acute leaves and ± erect stems. Some authors have used the presence or absence and shape of the involucral gland appendages to help separate E. chaetocalyx from E. fendleri, but those characters appear highly variable and of little taxonomic utility. Some individuals from western Texas (Culberson and El Paso counties) and southern New Mexico appear intermediate with E. fendleri. The specific epithet of E. chaetocalyx refers to the bristly perianthlike segments that subtend the ovary, but these structures are found intermittently in both E. chaetocalyx and E. fendleri. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Euphorbia stictospora has been recorded from New York, but this disjunct occurrence likely represents a waif or misidentification. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 263. | FNA vol. 12, p. 289. | ||||
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | E. fendleri var. chaetocalyx, Chamaesyce chaetocalyx | Chamaesyce stictospora | ||||
Name authority | (Boissier) Tidestrom: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 40. (1935) | Engelmann: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 187. (1859) | ||||
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