Flora of North America species comparison

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Euphorbia inundata

bristlecup sandmat

Florida pineland spurge

Habit

Herbs, perennial, with woody, thickened taproot.

Herbs, perennial, with thickened rootstock.

Stems

usually erect, rarely slightly decumbent, often densely clustered from top of woody crown, 3–15 cm, glabrous.

erect or ascending, 15–40 cm.

Leaves

opposite;

stipules distinct, narrowly linear, usually entire, 0.5–1 mm, glabrous;

petiole 0.5–1 mm, glabrous;

blade ovate to lanceolate or oblong- or linear-lanceolate, 3–11 × 0.8–3(–5) mm, base slightly asymmetric, short-tapered, occasionally one side slightly rounded, margins entire, apex acute or short-acuminate, surfaces glabrous;

only midvein conspicuous.

petiole absent or indistinct, blade linear to linear-elliptic or lanceolate, (25–)30–60(–115) × 1.5–14(–15) mm, chartaceous, base attenuate, apex acuminate, acute, or rounded and mucronate;

only midvein evident.

Involucre

campanulate to turbinate, 0.8–1.4 × 0.8–1 mm, glabrous;

glands 4, yellow-brown to reddish, concave or convex, elliptic or oval, 0.2–0.4 × 0.4–0.6 mm;

appendages absent or white, lanceolate-deltate to straplike, 0.2–1.1 × 0.2–0.9 mm, distal margin entire, crenate, or deeply cleft or divided.

obconic or campanulate, 1.3–3.2 × 1.6–3.6 mm, lobes ovate, oblong, or nearly rectangular, 0.6–1 mm, laciniate-ciliate;

glands red to greenish, oblong or nearly circular, 0.8–1 × 1.1–2 mm, distal margins crenulate-erose, undulate, or entire.

Staminate flowers

25–35.

20–25.

Pistillate flowers

ovary glabrous;

styles 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length.

gynophore exserted 2.6–6.1 mm, calyxlike lobes triangular to subulate, 0.6–1.4 mm;

styles connate 1/8 length, 1.3–2.2 mm.

Capsules

depressed-ovoid to depressed-globose, 1.7–2.1 × 1.6–2.4 mm, glabrous;

columella 1.2–1.8 mm.

oblate-ovoid, 5.1–6.1 × 6.9–8.6 mm, 3-lobed;

columella 3.9–4.7 mm.

Seeds

white, ovoid-pyramidal, prominently 4-angled in cross section, 1.6–2 × 1–1.2 mm, smooth to slightly wrinkled.

brown to blackish, ovoid-globose, circular or faintly 3- or 4-angled in cross section, 2.9–3.4 × 2.7–3 mm, smooth, base flattened or rounded, apex rounded or with inconspicuous blunt point.

Cyathia

solitary at distal nodes;

peduncle 0.8–1.3 mm.

peduncle 6–24 mm (often exceeding dichasial bracts).

Cyathial

arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 2–3, 5–18 cm, 3–8 times 2-branched;

pleiochasial bracts linear-lanceolate or narrowly ovate, 25–49 × 5–9 mm, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate;

dichasial bracts ovate or lanceolate, 6–21 × 2–6 mm, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate;

axillary cymose branches 1–5.

Euphorbia chaetocalyx

Euphorbia inundata

Distribution

AZ; NM; TX; n Mexico

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

AL; FL; GA; MS

[BONAP county map]

Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Euphorbia chaetocalyx is similar to E. fendleri but can generally be distinguished from that species by its narrow, acute leaves and ± erect stems. Some authors have used the presence or absence and shape of the involucral gland appendages to help separate E. chaetocalyx from E. fendleri, but those characters appear highly variable and of little taxonomic utility. Some individuals from western Texas (Culberson and El Paso counties) and southern New Mexico appear intermediate with E. fendleri. The specific epithet of E. chaetocalyx refers to the bristly perianthlike segments that subtend the ovary, but these structures are found intermittently in both E. chaetocalyx and E. fendleri.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Euphorbia inundata has a disjunct distribution in the southeastern United States. Allopatric, narrow-leaved populations from the west-central Florida peninsula are segregated as var. garrettii (E. L. Bridges and S. L. Orzell 2002).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key

1. Leaf blades ovate to lanceolate or oblong- or linear-lanceolate; involucral gland appendages absent or lanceolate-deltate, entire, crenate, or deeply cleft; widely distributed in Arizona, New Mexico, w Texas.	var. chaetocalyx
1. Leaf blades narrowly-ovate to linear-lanceolate; involucral gland appendages straplike, divided into 3–5 linear segments; cliffs and rocks of Boquillas Canyon, sw Texas.	var. triligulata

1. Leaf blades usually linear to narrowly elliptic or narrowly lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, (3–)4–14(–15) mm wide, length usually 5–10(–25) times width; apex obtuse to short-acute; se Mississippi to ne Florida.	var. inundata
1. Leaf blades narrowly linear, linear, or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) mm wide, length 15–20(–50) times width, apex short-acute to acuminate; wc Florida.	var. garrettii

Source

FNA vol. 12, p. 263.

FNA vol. 12, p. 314.

Parent taxa

Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum

Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Nummulariopsis

Sibling taxa

E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana

E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana

Subordinate taxa

E. chaetocalyx var. chaetocalyx, E. chaetocalyx var. triligulata

E. inundata var. garrettii, E. inundata var. inundata

Synonyms

E. fendleri var. chaetocalyx, Chamaesyce chaetocalyx

Galarhoeus inundatus

Name authority

(Boissier) Tidestrom: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 40. (1935)

Torrey ex Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 402. (1860)

Web links

Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).

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