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Arizona sandmat, Arizona spurge
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red-gland spurge, squaw sandmat
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| Herbs, annual or short-lived perennial, with slender to slightly thickened taproot. |
Herbs, perennial, with moderately to strongly thickened rootstock. |
erect to ascending, 10–30 cm, uniformly pilose with glistening hairs. |
ascending to erect, 5–20 cm, sericeous to appressed-villous. |
opposite; stipules distinct, deltate, (0–)0.1 mm, glabrous or with few scattered hairs; petiole 0.4–1.5 mm, pilose with glistening hairs; blade usually ovate, rarely elliptic, 3–11 × 2–7 mm, base asymmetric, one side cuneate to rounded, other side rounded to strongly cordate, margins entire, apex obtuse or acute, surfaces pilose with glistening hairs; 3-veined from base but usually only midvein conspicuous. |
opposite; stipules distinct (lower side) and connate (upper side), linear, 0.5–1 mm, densely pilose; petiole 0.8–1.5 mm, tomentose; blade ovate, 1.2–5 × 0.8–2.9 mm, base asymmetric, hemicordate, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, surfaces tomentose; venation inconspicuous. |
urceolate, 1.1–1.3 × 0.5–0.9 mm, glabrous or pilose with glistening hairs; glands 4, dark maroon, usually oblong to reniform, rarely almost circular, 0.2 × 0.2–0.4 mm; appendages white to pink, oblong, flabellate, oblong, or elliptic, 0.3–0.6 × 0.6–0.9 mm, distal margin entire or crenulate. |
campanulate, 0.6–1.1 × 0.7–1 mm, tomentose; glands 4, deep red to purple, elliptic, 0.3–0.4 × 0.4–0.7 mm; appendages white or becoming pink with age, oblong to flabellate, 0.4–0.7(–1) × 0.7–1.2 mm, distal margin entire or erose. |
5–12. |
45–80. |
ovary pilose, styles 0.5–0.6 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
ovary tomentose, styles 0.5–0.8 mm, 2-fid nearly entire length. |
broadly ovoid to subglobose, 1.4–1.8 mm diam., pilose; columella 1.1–1.4 mm. |
ovoid, 1.4–1.8 × 1.4–1.7 mm, tomentose; columella 1.2–1.5 mm. |
gray to light brown, ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 0.9–1.1 × 0.5–0.6 mm, rugose with 2–5 irregular transverse ridges that sometimes pass through abaxial keel. |
gray to tan, oblong, 4-angled in cross section, 1–1.2 × 0.4–0.6 mm, smooth to wrinkled or alveolate. |
solitary at distal nodes; peduncle 0.7–3.6 mm. |
solitary at distal nodes; peduncle (0.6–)1.4–1.9 mm. |
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| Flowering and fruiting year-round in response to sufficient moisture. |
Flowering and fruiting year-round. |
| Washes and rocky slopes, sometimes on limestone, desert scrub communities often with creosote-bush, riparian forests, mesquite woodlands, oak chaparral. |
Rocky slopes, river washes, dry to wet soils. |
| 100–1400 m. (300–4600 ft.) |
400–1400 m. (1300–4600 ft.) |
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AZ; CA; NM; TX; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sonora)
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AZ; CA; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
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Euphorbia arizonica is distinctive and easily recognized by its glistening, translucent hairs that appear somewhat glutinous and are most apparent on the stems. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Euphorbia melanadenia is similar in appearance to E. cinerascens, but E. melanadenia has conspicuous involucral gland appendages whereas E. cinerascens has inconspicuous appendages or lacks them entirely. Euphorbia melanadenia occurs in Arizona and southern California, whereas E. cinerascens is found only in southern and western Texas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
| FNA vol. 12, p. 260. |
FNA vol. 12, p. 276. |
| Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum |
Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum |
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. melanadenia, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana |
E. aaron-rossii, E. abramsiana, E. acuta, E. agraria, E. albomarginata, E. alta, E. angusta, E. antisyphilitica, E. arizonica, E. astyla, E. austrotexana, E. bicolor, E. bifurcata, E. bilobata, E. blodgettii, E. bombensis, E. brachycera, E. capitellata, E. carunculata, E. chaetocalyx, E. chamaesula, E. cinerascens, E. commutata, E. conferta, E. cordifolia, E. corollata, E. crenulata, E. cumulicola, E. cuphosperma, E. curtisii, E. cyathophora, E. cyparissias, E. davidii, E. deltoidea, E. dendroides, E. dentata, E. discoidalis, E. eriantha, E. exigua, E. exserta, E. exstipulata, E. falcata, E. fendleri, E. florida, E. floridana, E. garberi, E. georgiana, E. geyeri, E. glyptosperma, E. golondrina, E. gracillima, E. graminea, E. helioscopia, E. helleri, E. heterophylla, E. hexagona, E. hirta, E. hooveri, E. humistrata, E. hypericifolia, E. hyssopifolia, E. indivisa, E. innocua, E. inundata, E. ipecacuanhae, E. jaegeri, E. jejuna, E. laredana, E. lasiocarpa, E. lata, E. lathyris, E. longicruris, E. lurida, E. macropus, E. maculata, E. marginata, E. meganaesos, E. mendezii, E. mercurialina, E. mesembrianthemifolia, E. micromera, E. misera, E. missurica, E. myrsinites, E. nephradenia, E. nutans, E. oblongata, E. ocellata, E. ophthalmica, E. ouachitana, E. parishii, E. parryi, E. pediculifera, E. peplidion, E. peplus, E. perennans, E. pergamena, E. pinetorum, E. platyphyllos, E. platysperma, E. polycarpa, E. polygonifolia, E. polyphylla, E. porteriana, E. prostrata, E. pubentissima, E. purpurea, E. radians, E. rayturneri, E. revoluta, E. roemeriana, E. rosescens, E. schizoloba, E. serpens, E. serpillifolia, E. serrata, E. serrula, E. setiloba, E. simulans, E. spathulata, E. stictospora, E. strictior, E. telephioides, E. terracina, E. tetrapora, E. texana, E. theriaca, E. thymifolia, E. tithymaloides, E. trachysperma, E. trichotoma, E. vallis-mortae, E. velleriflora, E. vermiculata, E. villifera, E. virgata, E. wrightii, E. yaquiana |
| Chamaesyce arizonica |
Chamaesyce melanadenia |
| Engelmann: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 186. (1859) |
Torrey: in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 135. (1857) |
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CA
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
