Euphorbia agraria |
Euphorbia blodgettii |
|
---|---|---|
urban spurge |
limestone sandmat |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, with slender, spreading rootstock. | Herbs, usually annual, occasionally perennial, with slender to slightly thickened taproot, 3.5 mm diam.. |
Stems | erect or ascending, unbranched or branched, 30–90 cm, glabrous. |
prostrate to decumbent, loosely mat-forming, often rooting at nodes, 10–45 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | petiole absent; blade oblong-elliptic, 20–65 × 9–20 mm, base truncate to auriculate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces glabrous; venation conspicuously pinnate, midvein prominent. |
opposite; stipules distinct, subulate filiform segments (lower side), or connate forming conspicuous, broad deltate scale (upper side), toothed, 0.5–1 mm, glabrous; petiole 0.7–1 mm, glabrous; blade ovate to oblong-elliptic, 4–10 × 2–5 mm, base asymmetric, subcordate to rounded, margins usually entire, occasionally toothed, apex usually obtuse to rounded, occasionally acute to apiculate, surfaces without red blotch, glabrous; 3-veined from base, only midvein conspicuous. |
Involucre | campanulate, 2.2–3 × 1.8–2 mm, glabrous; glands 4, crescent-shaped; 0.6–1 × 1–2 mm; horns slightly divergent to convergent, 0.1–0.2 mm. |
turbinate to campanulate, 0.5–0.6 × 0.4–0.6 mm, glabrous; glands 4, red, slightly concave, elliptic-oblong, 0.1 × 0.1–0.3 mm; appendages white to pink, unequal, pair near sinus lunate to oblong, 0.1–0.2 × 0.1–0.3 mm, distal margin entire, crenulate, or irregularly sinuate, other pair sometimes rudimentary, 0–0.1 × 0.1–0.3 mm, distal margin crenulate or entire. |
Staminate flowers | 15–20. |
8–12. |
Pistillate flowers | ovary glabrous; styles 1.2–2 mm, 2-fid. |
ovary glabrous; styles 0.3–0.4 mm, 2-fid 1/2 length. |
Capsules | globose, 2–2.8 × 2.2–2.7 mm, 3-lobed; cocci rounded, smooth except finely granulate toward abaxial line, glabrous; columella 2.1–2.7 mm. |
broadly ovoid, 1.2–1.7 × 1.4–1.9 mm, glabrous; columella 1.2–1.6 mm. |
Seeds | gray or whitish, ovoid-oblong, 2–2.1 × 1.2–1.3 mm, smooth; caruncle ± rounded and flattened, 0.8 × 0.6 mm. |
gray to reddish brown, oblong-ovoid, 4-angled in cross section, 0.9–1.1 × 0.5–0.6 mm, flat or obscurely wrinkled. |
Cyathial | arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 8–15, 1–2 times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts similar in shape but shorter and narrower than distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct, rhombic to reniform, base obtuse, margins entire, apex obtuse, mucronate; axillary cymose branches 12–23. |
|
Cyathia | peduncle 0–2 mm. |
solitary or in small, cymose clusters at distal nodes of stem or on congested, axillary branches; peduncle 0.4–0.6 mm. |
Euphorbia agraria |
Euphorbia blodgettii |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting spring–summer. | Flowering and fruiting year-round. |
Habitat | Grasslands, roadside banks, pastures. | Coastal sand dunes and disturbed upland sandy areas. |
Elevation | 200–1600 m. (700–5200 ft.) | 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.) |
Distribution |
KS; MT; NE; NY; PA; WA; WY; AB; SK; Europe [Introduced in North America]
|
FL |
Discussion | Euphorbia blodgettii is found only in peninsular Florida. It is closely related to E. garberi, E. porteriana, and E. serpens (Y. Yang and P. E. Berry 2011). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 298. | FNA vol. 12, p. 261. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > subg. Esula | Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia > sect. Anisophyllum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Tithymalus agrarius | Chamaesyce blodgettii, C. nashii |
Name authority | M. Bieberstein: Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 375. (1808) | Engelmann ex Hitchcock: Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 4: 126, plate 13. (1893) |
Web links |