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European spindle-tree, spindletree

running strawberry-bush

Habit Shrubs or trees 2–10 m. Stems erect; young branches terete, not corky winged. Shrubs 0.1–0.5 m. Stems creeping rooting at nodes; young branches 4-angled, not corky winged.
Leaves

deciduous;

petiole 4–12 mm;

blade ovate-elliptic, 2.5–10 × 1.5–3.5 cm, base attenuate to broadly cuneate, margins minutely denticulate, apex acuminate.

deciduous;

petiole 3–5 mm;

blade obovate, 2–8 × 1.5–4.5 cm, base attenuate, margins crenate-serrate, apex acute or acuminate.

Inflorescences

axillary, 1–7(–15)-flowered.

terminal or axillary, 1–5-flowered.

Flowers

sepals 4;

petals 4, yellow or white, oblong, 3–4 × 1–2 mm;

stamens 4;

ovary smooth.

sepals 5;

petals 5, pale green, often suffused with purple, round, 2–3 mm diam.;

stamens 5;

ovary spiny.

Capsules

pink, obovoid, 8–10 × 12–15 mm, deeply (2–)4-lobed, rarely only 1 lobe developing, lobes clearly connate, surface smooth.

pink, subglobose, 10–12 mm diam., unlobed or very shallowly 4–5-lobed, lobes clearly connate, surface spiny.

Seeds

obovoid, 7–8 × 4–5 mm;

aril orange or yellow.

subglobose, 4.5–5.5 mm;

aril bright orange.

Euonymus europaeus

Euonymus obovatus

Phenology Flowering spring–summer; fruiting summer–fall. Flowering spring; fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Roadsides, thickets, woodlands. Rich, dry, or moist woods.
Elevation 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) 100–1000 m. (300–3300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; IL; IN; KY; MA; ME; MI; MO; MS; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; UT; VA; VT; WI; NB; ON; PE; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; GA; IL; IN; KY; MI; MO; NC; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; WV; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The leaves of Euonymus europaeus vary greatly in shape and size, especially in cultivated plants. The species was introduced to the flora area as a garden ornamental.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Euonymus obovatus can be difficult to separate from E. americanus, but the rooting stems of E. obovatus clearly differentiate them.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 125. FNA vol. 12, p. 124.
Parent taxa Celastraceae > Euonymus Celastraceae > Euonymus
Sibling taxa
E. alatus, E. americanus, E. atropurpureus, E. fortunei, E. obovatus, E. occidentalis
E. alatus, E. americanus, E. atropurpureus, E. europaeus, E. fortunei, E. occidentalis
Synonyms E. americanus var. obovatus
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 197. (1753) — (as Evonymus) Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 155. (1818)
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