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dimpled trout-lily

beak trout-lily, yellow fawnlily, yellow troutlily

Bulbs

ovoid, 10–25 mm;

stolons absent, or 1 per bulb on 1-leaved plants.

ovoid, 10–20 mm;

stolons 1–3, common, mostly on 1-leaved, nonflowering plants.

Leaves

5–17 cm;

blade green, irregularly mottled, elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, ± flat, not glaucous, margins entire.

5–18 cm;

blade green, irregularly mottled, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, ± flat, not glaucous, margins entire.

Scape

4–18 cm.

3–10 cm.

Inflorescences

1-flowered.

1-flowered.

Flowers

tepals strongly reflexed at anthesis, yellow, sometimes with brownish adaxial spots, variously tinged brown-purple abaxially, lanceolate, 13–30 mm, auricles absent;

stamens 9–18 mm;

filaments yellow, lanceolate;

anthers brown, purple, or infrequently yellow;

pollen brown, purple, or infrequently yellow;

ovary apex indented;

style deciduous or forming small apiculum, ± terete, not yellow, 8–24 mm;

stigma lobes spreading, 1.2–1.7 mm.

held erect at anthesis;

tepals yellow, tinged red-purple or orange abaxially, mostly spreading at anthesis, lanceolate, 20–34 mm, inner with conspicuous, well-developed auricles almost encircling opposing filaments;

stamens 13–17 mm;

filaments yellow, lanceolate;

anthers yellow;

pollen yellow;

style persistent, greenish yellow, swollen distally into stigma, tapering gradually proximally to ovary, forming beak on capsule, 8–11 mm;

stigma lobes erect, short, 1 mm.

Capsules

± resting on ground due to reclining peduncle, obovoid, 10–22 mm, apex indented, umbilicate, or rarely rounded.

held erect at maturity on upward-curving peduncle, ellipsoid to ellipsoid-obovoid, 15–25 mm (excluding beak), apex long-beaked.

2n

= 24.

= 24.

Erythronium umbilicatum

Erythronium rostratum

Phenology Flowering spring.
Habitat Mesic woods, often in flood plains and along waterways, also on shaded lower ledges of bluffs
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
s and e United States
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; OH; OK; TN; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythronium rostratum is found mostly on either side of the Mississippi River embayment, but rarely within it. It often forms extensive colonies where nonflowering, 1-leaved plants far outnumber flowering ones. This is the only species of Erythronium with erect rather than nodding flowers. Some plants at the western limits of the range are triploids (B. L. Carr 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stolons absent; West Virginia to Alabama, Georgia, and n Florida.
subsp. umbilicatum
1. Stolons present, 1 per bulb; North Carolina, Tennessee.
subsp. monostolum
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 162. FNA vol. 26, p. 162.
Parent taxa Liliaceae > Erythronium Liliaceae > Erythronium
Sibling taxa
E. albidum, E. americanum, E. californicum, E. citrinum, E. elegans, E. grandiflorum, E. helenae, E. hendersonii, E. klamathense, E. mesochoreum, E. montanum, E. multiscapideum, E. oregonum, E. pluriflorum, E. propullans, E. purpurascens, E. pusaterii, E. quinaultense, E. revolutum, E. rostratum, E. taylorii, E. tuolumnense
E. albidum, E. americanum, E. californicum, E. citrinum, E. elegans, E. grandiflorum, E. helenae, E. hendersonii, E. klamathense, E. mesochoreum, E. montanum, E. multiscapideum, E. oregonum, E. pluriflorum, E. propullans, E. purpurascens, E. pusaterii, E. quinaultense, E. revolutum, E. taylorii, E. tuolumnense, E. umbilicatum
Subordinate taxa
E. umbilicatum subsp. monostolum, E. umbilicatum subsp. umbilicatum
Name authority C. R. Parks & Hardin: Brittonia 15: 252. (1963) W. Wolf: Castanea 6: 24, plate 1. (1941)
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