Erythronium hendersonii |
Erythronium helenae |
Erythronium rostratum |
|
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Henderson's fawn-lily |
Mount St. Helena fawn-lily, Pacific fawnlily, St. Helena fawn lily |
beak trout-lily, yellow fawnlily, yellow troutlily |
|
Bulbs | slender, 40–55 mm. |
ovoid, 30–55 mm, sometimes producing sessile bulbels. |
ovoid, 10–20 mm; stolons 1–3, common, mostly on 1-leaved, nonflowering plants. |
Leaves | 10–25 cm; blade mottled with irregular streaks of brown or white, oblong to ovate, margins entire to ± wavy. |
7–20 cm; blade mottled with irregular streaks of brown or white, broadly lanceolate to ovate, margins ± wavy. |
5–18 cm; blade green, irregularly mottled, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, ± flat, not glaucous, margins entire. |
Scape | reddish, 12–30 cm. |
12–30 cm. |
3–10 cm. |
Inflorescences | 1–4-flowered. |
1–3-flowered. |
1-flowered. |
Flowers | tepals violet to pink, darker at tips, dark purple at base, broadly lanceolate, 18–35 mm, inner with small auricles at base; stamens 10–14 mm; filaments violet-purple, linear, slender, less than 0.8 mm wide; anthers pale brown to purple; style violet, 6–8 mm; stigma unlobed or with lobes shorter than 1 mm. |
fragrant; tepals ± white, bright yellow at base, pinkish in age, lanceolate to ovate, 25–40 mm, inner with small auricles at base; stamens 8–13 mm; filaments ± yellow, linear, ± slender, less than 0.8 mm wide; anthers yellow; style ± white, often bent to one side, 5–8 mm; stigma unlobed or with lobes shorter than 1 mm. |
held erect at anthesis; tepals yellow, tinged red-purple or orange abaxially, mostly spreading at anthesis, lanceolate, 20–34 mm, inner with conspicuous, well-developed auricles almost encircling opposing filaments; stamens 13–17 mm; filaments yellow, lanceolate; anthers yellow; pollen yellow; style persistent, greenish yellow, swollen distally into stigma, tapering gradually proximally to ovary, forming beak on capsule, 8–11 mm; stigma lobes erect, short, 1 mm. |
Capsules | obovoid, 2–4 cm. |
obovoid, 2–4 cm. |
held erect at maturity on upward-curving peduncle, ellipsoid to ellipsoid-obovoid, 15–25 mm (excluding beak), apex long-beaked. |
2n | = 24. |
= 24. |
= 24. |
Erythronium hendersonii |
Erythronium helenae |
Erythronium rostratum |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Mar–Apr). | Flowering spring (Mar–Apr). | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Dry woods and forest openings | Dry woods or scrub, on serpentines | Mesic woods, often in flood plains and along waterways, also on shaded lower ledges of bluffs |
Elevation | 300–1600 m (1000–5200 ft) | 500–1200 m (1600–3900 ft) | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
|
Calif (vicinity of Mount St Helena) |
AL; AR; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; OH; OK; TN; TX
|
Discussion | Erythronium rostratum is found mostly on either side of the Mississippi River embayment, but rarely within it. It often forms extensive colonies where nonflowering, 1-leaved plants far outnumber flowering ones. This is the only species of Erythronium with erect rather than nodding flowers. Some plants at the western limits of the range are triploids (B. L. Carr 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 160. | FNA vol. 26, p. 160. | FNA vol. 26, p. 162. |
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Erythronium | Liliaceae > Erythronium | Liliaceae > Erythronium |
Sibling taxa | |||
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 479. (1887) | Applegate: Contr. Dudley Herb. 1: 188. (1933) | W. Wolf: Castanea 6: 24, plate 1. (1941) |
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