Erythronium hendersonii |
Erythronium americanum |
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Henderson's fawn-lily |
American trout-lily, dogtooth violet, trout lily, yellow trout-lily, érythrone d'amérique |
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Bulbs | slender, 40–55 mm. |
ovoid, 15–28 mm; stolons 1–3, common, mostly on 1-leaved, nonflowering plants. |
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Leaves | 10–25 cm; blade mottled with irregular streaks of brown or white, oblong to ovate, margins entire to ± wavy. |
8–23 cm; blade green, irregularly mottled, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, ± flat, glaucous, margins entire. |
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Scape | reddish, 12–30 cm. |
10–18 cm. |
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Inflorescences | 1–4-flowered. |
1-flowered. |
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Flowers | tepals violet to pink, darker at tips, dark purple at base, broadly lanceolate, 18–35 mm, inner with small auricles at base; stamens 10–14 mm; filaments violet-purple, linear, slender, less than 0.8 mm wide; anthers pale brown to purple; style violet, 6–8 mm; stigma unlobed or with lobes shorter than 1 mm. |
tepals yellow, sometimes tinged light to dark purple-red abaxially, sometimes with reddish dots adaxially, strongly reflexed at anthesis, lanceolate, 20–33 mm, inner with small auricles; stamens 9–15 mm; filaments yellow, lanceolate; anthers yellow, chestnut brown, or lavender; pollen yellow or brown; style deciduous or base forming small apiculum, greenish yellow, 5–11 mm, swollen distally or ± terete; stigma lobes erect or recurved, 1.5 mm. |
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Capsules | obovoid, 2–4 cm. |
held erect or at least off ground at maturity, obovoid, 12–15 mm, apex rounded, truncate, or apiculate. |
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2n | = 24. |
= 48. |
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Erythronium hendersonii |
Erythronium americanum |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Mar–Apr). | |||||
Habitat | Dry woods and forest openings | |||||
Elevation | 300–1600 m (1000–5200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR
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e North America
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Erythronium americanum is a very common and widespread species, particularly in northeastern North America, becoming less frequent towards the southern and western limits of its range. Nonflowering plants far outnumber flowering ones in most populations because of their extensive stolon production. Plants with brown anthers have been called forma castaneum L. B. Smith. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 160. | FNA vol. 26, p. 161. | ||||
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Erythronium | Liliaceae > Erythronium | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 479. (1887) | Ker Gawler: Bot. Mag. 28: plate 1113. (1808) | ||||
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