Erythranthe washingtonensis |
Erythranthe thermalis |
|
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John Day or Washington monkeyflower, Washington monkey-flower |
Yellowstone monkeyflower |
|
Habit | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. | Annuals, taprooted, rarely with a basal, runnerlike stem. |
Stems | erect to ascending, straight or geniculate at nodes, usually many-branched, terete, 5–25 cm, moderately puberulent-glandular to villous-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.8 mm, flattened, sometimes vitreous, distinctly multicellular, gland-tipped. |
erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 1.5–10(–15) cm, villous-glandular proximally, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular distally. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 2–14 mm; blade palmately veined, deltate or ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–16(–23) × 2–11(–16) mm, base rounded to cuneate or truncate, margins denticulate or entire, apex acute, surfaces moderately puberulent-glandular to villous-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.8 mm, flattened, sometimes vitreous, distinctly multicellular, gland-tipped. |
basal and cauline, cauline 2–5 pairs; petiole: basal and proximal cauline 3–20 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, suborbicular to ovate, depressed-ovate, ovate-deltate, or reniform, 4–15(–20) × 4–20 mm, base cuneate to truncate or subcordate, margins evenly crenate-dentate to subentire, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–6, from proximal to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 1–5(–9), usually at distal nodes, chasmogamous. |
Styles | hispid-hirtellous. |
hirtellous. |
Corollas | yellow with small reddish brown dots, abaxial limb with 2 white patches (abaxial ridges), bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–10 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7–10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to rounded-cuneate. |
yellow, red-dotted or not, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted 1–2 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 12–15 mm, throat open, palate villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | divergent at nearly right angles, 20–50 mm, densely, minutely stipitate-glandular. |
7–12 mm, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular. |
Fruiting calyces | greenish, ridge-angled, tubular, weakly inflated, 6–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, densely, minutely stipitate-glandular, lobes pronounced, erect. |
ovate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 8–11 mm, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes hirtellous and eglandular, throat closing, adaxial lobe longer than others. |
Capsules | included, 5–8.5 mm. |
included, 5–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
= 28. |
Erythranthe washingtonensis |
Erythranthe thermalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Sep. | Flowering Mar–Aug. |
Habitat | Shallow basalt gravel in narrow channels and intermittent streams, sandy stream banks, open slopes, rocky shelves near seeps. | Hot, shallow, quick-drying soils around thermal pools and vents. |
Elevation | 700–1300 m. (2300–4300 ft.) | 2200–2600 m. (7200–8500 ft.) |
Distribution |
OR
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WY |
Discussion | Erythranthe washingtonensis is considered to be extirpated in Washington by the Washington Natural Heritage Program. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe thermalis is endemic to Yellowstone National Park in northwestern Wyoming. The species is recognized by its annual duration (without rhizomes), reduced stature and leaf size, and short, but broad-limbed, corollas with autogamous fertilization. Typical E. guttata (rhizomatous, herkogamous) also grows in the immediately surrounding areas but apparently not in hot soils. Each species maintains distinctions in growth form, phenology and mating system in common garden experiments (Y. Lekberg et al. 2012). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 396. | FNA vol. 17, p. 413. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus washingtonensis | Mimulus thermalis |
Name authority | (Gandoger) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012) — (as washingtoniensis) | (A. Nelson) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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