Erythranthe washingtonensis |
Erythranthe pardalis |
|
---|---|---|
John Day or Washington monkeyflower, Washington monkey-flower |
Pennell's panther |
|
Habit | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or filiform-taprooted. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted or taprooted. |
Stems | erect to ascending, straight or geniculate at nodes, usually many-branched, terete, 5–25 cm, moderately puberulent-glandular to villous-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.8 mm, flattened, sometimes vitreous, distinctly multicellular, gland-tipped. |
decumbent-ascending, erect distally, simple, sometimes branched from proximal to medial nodes, 5–30 cm, short, delicately stipitate-glandular, distals minutely puberulent-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.4 mm (to 1 mm on proximal portions of stems), gland-tipped. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 2–14 mm; blade palmately veined, deltate or ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–16(–23) × 2–11(–16) mm, base rounded to cuneate or truncate, margins denticulate or entire, apex acute, surfaces moderately puberulent-glandular to villous-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.8 mm, flattened, sometimes vitreous, distinctly multicellular, gland-tipped. |
usually cauline, basal usually not persistent; petiole: proximals and medials 8–20 mm, distalmost 1–2 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, usually ovate or broadly ovate to depressed-ovate, proximals and medials 7–22 × 6–18 mm, sometimes largest at mid stem, base rounded or cuneate to gradually attenuate, margins shallowly dentate-serrate, teeth 2 or 3(–5) per side mostly distally, apex obtuse to obtuse-acuminate, surfaces sparsely villous to puberulent-glandular, hairs vitreous, gland-tipped, sometimes glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–6, from proximal to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 2–12, usually evenly distributed from proximal to distal nodes, chasmogamous, anther pairs in larger corollas slightly separated, stigma at level of distal pair, or both anther pairs and stigma at same level; in smaller corollas without expanded limb and barely exserted beyond calyx margin, both anther pairs and stigma at same level. |
Styles | hispid-hirtellous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow with small reddish brown dots, abaxial limb with 2 white patches (abaxial ridges), bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–10 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7–10 mm, lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to rounded-cuneate. |
yellow, throat floor sometimes red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat narrowly funnelform to cylindric, 7–10(–12) mm, exserted 1–3 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 8–12 mm, palate villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | divergent at nearly right angles, 20–50 mm, densely, minutely stipitate-glandular. |
10–35 mm, short, delicately stipitate-glandular, distals minutely puberulent-glandular, hairs 0.1–0.4 mm, gland-tipped. |
Fruiting calyces | greenish, ridge-angled, tubular, weakly inflated, 6–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, densely, minutely stipitate-glandular, lobes pronounced, erect. |
nodding 45–180º, consistently dark purple-spotted, cylindric-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 8–11 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent-glandular, sometimes minutely hirtellous, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 5–8.5 mm. |
included, stipitate, 4–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
= 28. |
Erythranthe washingtonensis |
Erythranthe pardalis |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Sep. | Flowering (Mar–)Apr–May. |
Habitat | Shallow basalt gravel in narrow channels and intermittent streams, sandy stream banks, open slopes, rocky shelves near seeps. | Crevices of serpentine rock, stony red soils, red clay, among boulders, along streams, ditches, tailings at copper mines. |
Elevation | 700–1300 m. (2300–4300 ft.) | 100–700 m. (300–2300 ft.) |
Distribution |
OR
|
CA |
Discussion | Erythranthe washingtonensis is considered to be extirpated in Washington by the Washington Natural Heritage Program. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The relative constancy of Erythranthe pardalis in morphology suggests that genetic influence from other species is slight. It is recognized by its annual duration and relatively delicate habit, ovate to depressed-ovate leaves toothed mostly on the distal margins, small flowers produced from all nodes (proximal to distal), dark-spotted calyces, and stipitate-glandular cauline and foliar vestiture. While the corolla limbs are distinctly expanded, the tubes are only slightly exserted from the calyx, and flowers apparently are plesiogamous. The epithet pardalis alludes to the dark-spotted calyx. Plants of Erythranthe pardalis occur primarily on serpentine rocks and soils but also grow on copper tailings at mine sites. The species is known from Amador, Calaveras, El Dorado, Placer, Tehama, and Tuolumne counties. The plants in Tehama County, geographically and ecologically disjunct from the main range, were recorded as growing in basalt crevices. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 396. | FNA vol. 17, p. 420. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus washingtonensis | Mimulus pardalis, M. cupriphilus, M. guttatus var. cupriphilus, M. guttatus var. pardalis |
Name authority | (Gandoger) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 39. (2012) — (as washingtoniensis) | (Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
Web links |
|
|