Erythranthe verbenacea |
Erythranthe hardhamiae |
|
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crimson monkeyflower, pico Pajaro |
Hardham's monkeyflower, Santa Lucia monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | erect to decumbent, usually simple, weakly 4-angled, 20–60 cm, ± glandular-villous. |
erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, (2–)3–13 cm, glabrous or minutely puberulent. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to obovate, rhombic-ovate, or broadly spatulate, 50–75 × 15–26(–30) mm, base subcordate, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only distally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces ± glandular-villous. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), linear to oblanceolate, 2–12 × 1–5 mm, base attenuate, margins entire, sometimes toothed, apex acute, surfaces glabrous or minutely puberulent. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–12, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | crimson, often yellow-tinged, palate ridges dark red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat tubular, 25–35 mm, exserted 13–25 mm beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb spreading, adaxial erect, lobe apex truncate, often emarginate, throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous. |
pink to purple, abaxial limb with 2 yellow palate ridges, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 5–10 mm, exserted 2–5 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7–13 mm, lobes notched, abaxial limb sparsely bearded. |
Fruiting pedicels | 45–90(–150) mm. |
ascending to often spreading horizontally, 10–60 mm. |
Fruiting calyces | campanulate, weakly inflated, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-villosulous to stipitate-glandular, lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, apex linear-triangular. |
becoming reddish, sometimes red-spotted, campanulate to cylindric, 4–6 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, glabrous or minutely puberulent, ribs weak, lobes pronounced, erect, margins glabrous. |
Capsules | included, 15–22 mm. |
included, 4–5 mm. |
Anthers | exserted, white-villous, thecae reflexed 45º. |
included or slightly exserted, glabrous. |
Stigmas | equal in length to corolla tube or exserted. |
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2n | = 16. |
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Erythranthe verbenacea |
Erythranthe hardhamiae |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Mar–Apr. |
Habitat | Stream edges and beds, flood plains, around seeps and springs, canyon bottoms, moist cliff crevices and ledges. | Sandy soils near sandstone outcrops and chaparral. |
Elevation | 300–2600 m. (1000–8500 ft.) | 300–800 m. (1000–2600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
|
CA |
Discussion | R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population at Vasey’s Paradise in the Grand Canyon (Coconino County), 32 miles downstream from Lees Ferry. Populations of Erythranthe verbenacea in the Oak Creek Canyon area in southern Coconino County, Arizona, have leaves with a narrow, lateral, undulating, purple stripe across the mid lamina. The coloration is retained even in dried specimens. In Utah, Erythranthe verbenacea is known only from the Zion Canyon area. Molecular (P. M. Beardsley et al. 2003) and morphological (G. L. Nesom 2014b) data indicate that Erythranthe verbenacea is sister to E. eastwoodiae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe hardhamiae is endemic to the central coast region in Monterey and San Luis Obispo counties. The species was previously included in E. palmeri but can be distinguished by having a wider limb (16–25 mm) than E. palmeri (8–15 mm) and pale pink flowers with a broad yellow palate and orifice. In contrast, E. palmeri has deep pink flowers with two yellow ridges on the palate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 394. | FNA vol. 17, p. 388. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus verbenaceus, M. cardinalis var. verbenaceus, M. lugens | |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) | N. S. Fraga: Aliso 30: 64, figs. 23–25. (2012) |
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