Erythranthe verbenacea |
Erythranthe gracilipes |
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crimson monkeyflower, pico Pajaro |
slender-stalk monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | erect to decumbent, usually simple, weakly 4-angled, 20–60 cm, ± glandular-villous. |
erect, simple or branched, 5–15 cm, sparsely glandular-puberulent. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to obovate, rhombic-ovate, or broadly spatulate, 50–75 × 15–26(–30) mm, base subcordate, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only distally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces ± glandular-villous. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), linear to lanceolate, (3–)7–13 × 1–3 mm, base attenuate, margins entire, sometimes toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces sparsely glandular-puberulent. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–15, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | crimson, often yellow-tinged, palate ridges dark red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat tubular, 25–35 mm, exserted 13–25 mm beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb spreading, adaxial erect, lobe apex truncate, often emarginate, throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous. |
pink to rose lavender, throat deep pink to purple with 2 yellow longitudinal ridges, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate, 2 adaxial lobes much reduced, smaller than 3 abaxials; tube-throat cylindric, 7–10 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 5–9 mm, abaxial lobes rounded and shallowly 2-fid, abaxial limb glabrous or sparsely bearded. |
Fruiting pedicels | 45–90(–150) mm. |
8–30 mm. |
Fruiting calyces | campanulate, weakly inflated, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-villosulous to stipitate-glandular, lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, apex linear-triangular. |
becoming red to straw colored, campanulate, 4–7 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely glandular-puberulent, ribs thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, margins ciliate. |
Capsules | included, 15–22 mm. |
included, 4–5 mm. |
Anthers | exserted, white-villous, thecae reflexed 45º. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 16. |
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Erythranthe verbenacea |
Erythranthe gracilipes |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Stream edges and beds, flood plains, around seeps and springs, canyon bottoms, moist cliff crevices and ledges. | Open areas in thin decomposed granite soils, often on edges of large granite boulders. |
Elevation | 300–2600 m. (1000–8500 ft.) | 500–1300 m. (1600–4300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
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CA
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Discussion | R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population at Vasey’s Paradise in the Grand Canyon (Coconino County), 32 miles downstream from Lees Ferry. Populations of Erythranthe verbenacea in the Oak Creek Canyon area in southern Coconino County, Arizona, have leaves with a narrow, lateral, undulating, purple stripe across the mid lamina. The coloration is retained even in dried specimens. In Utah, Erythranthe verbenacea is known only from the Zion Canyon area. Molecular (P. M. Beardsley et al. 2003) and morphological (G. L. Nesom 2014b) data indicate that Erythranthe verbenacea is sister to E. eastwoodiae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe gracilipes is endemic to the foothills of the central Sierra Nevada in Fresno, Madera, and Mariposa counties and apparently is most abundant after fire. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 394. | FNA vol. 17, p. 385. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus verbenaceus, M. cardinalis var. verbenaceus, M. lugens | Mimulus gracilipes |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) | (B. L. Robinson) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) |
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