Erythranthe verbenacea |
Erythranthe filicifolia |
|
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crimson monkeyflower, pico Pajaro |
fern-leaf monkeyflower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Annuals, fibrous-rooted. |
Stems | erect to decumbent, usually simple, weakly 4-angled, 20–60 cm, ± glandular-villous. |
erect or slightly ascending from base, sometimes purplish, simple or few-branched from proximal nodes, 3–38 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to obovate, rhombic-ovate, or broadly spatulate, 50–75 × 15–26(–30) mm, base subcordate, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only distally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces ± glandular-villous. |
basal and cauline; petiole (proximal and proximal to mid cauline), distal bracteate or absent, ovate, margins entire; blade: divisions 1-veined, oblong-lanceolate to ovate in outline, 3–68 mm, slightly thickened, base (at proximalmost division) truncate, margins (of divisions) entire, bipinnately dissected, ca. 5–12(–15) primary divisions on each side, ultimate division nearly linear, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
plesiogamous, 4–10(–12), on foreshortened distal nodes, usually clustered, chasmogamous, sometimes cleistogamous. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | crimson, often yellow-tinged, palate ridges dark red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat tubular, 25–35 mm, exserted 13–25 mm beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb spreading, adaxial erect, lobe apex truncate, often emarginate, throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous. |
yellow, proximal lip sometimes red-splotched, palate ridges yellow, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric-funnelform, 4–8 mm, exserted 0–2 mm beyond calyx margin or not; palate ridges densely villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | 45–90(–150) mm. |
6–14 mm, glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | campanulate, weakly inflated, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-villosulous to stipitate-glandular, lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, apex linear-triangular. |
urceolate to urceolate-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 8–11 mm, glabrous, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 15–22 mm. |
included, 3–8 mm. |
Anthers | exserted, white-villous, thecae reflexed 45º. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 16. |
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Erythranthe verbenacea |
Erythranthe filicifolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Apr–Jun(–Sep). |
Habitat | Stream edges and beds, flood plains, around seeps and springs, canyon bottoms, moist cliff crevices and ledges. | Slow-draining, ephemeral seeps on exfoliating granite slabs, over basalt. |
Elevation | 300–2600 m. (1000–8500 ft.) | 300–1600 m. (1000–5200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
|
CA |
Discussion | R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population at Vasey’s Paradise in the Grand Canyon (Coconino County), 32 miles downstream from Lees Ferry. Populations of Erythranthe verbenacea in the Oak Creek Canyon area in southern Coconino County, Arizona, have leaves with a narrow, lateral, undulating, purple stripe across the mid lamina. The coloration is retained even in dried specimens. In Utah, Erythranthe verbenacea is known only from the Zion Canyon area. Molecular (P. M. Beardsley et al. 2003) and morphological (G. L. Nesom 2014b) data indicate that Erythranthe verbenacea is sister to E. eastwoodiae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe filicifolia is known only from localities in Butte and Plumas counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 394. | FNA vol. 17, p. 418. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus verbenaceus, M. cardinalis var. verbenaceus, M. lugens | Mimulus filicifolius |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) | (Sexton: K. G. Ferris & Schoenig) G. L. Nesom, Phytoneuron 2013-80: 1. (2013) |
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