Erythranthe verbenacea |
Erythranthe eastwoodiae |
|
---|---|---|
crimson monkeyflower, pico Pajaro |
crimson monkeyflower, Eastwood's monkey-flower |
|
Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous. | Perennials, stoloniferous, sometimes also rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect to decumbent, usually simple, weakly 4-angled, 20–60 cm, ± glandular-villous. |
scandent to pendent, usually simple, 5–30(–40) cm, villous-glandular to minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs often a mixture of longer and much shorter ones, gland-tipped. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to obovate, rhombic-ovate, or broadly spatulate, 50–75 × 15–26(–30) mm, base subcordate, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only distally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces ± glandular-villous. |
cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3-veined, flabellate distally to obovate to oblanceolate or elliptic, (5–)13–40(–55) × 8–20(–25) mm, largest near mid stem or distally, thick, base cuneate to rounded, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate on distal 1/2, apex acute, surfaces villous-glandular to minutely stipitate-glandular, hairs often a mixture of longer and much shorter ones, gland-tipped. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–8, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | crimson, often yellow-tinged, palate ridges dark red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat tubular, 25–35 mm, exserted 13–25 mm beyond calyx margin; abaxial limb spreading, adaxial erect, lobe apex truncate, often emarginate, throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous. |
scarlet to orange-red or orange, palate red, not spotted or striped, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat narrowly funnelform, 20–30 mm, exserted 5–15 mm beyond calyx margin; throat open, palate puberulent. |
Fruiting pedicels | 45–90(–150) mm. |
10–30(–40) mm. |
Fruiting calyces | campanulate, weakly inflated, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-villosulous to stipitate-glandular, lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, apex linear-triangular. |
cuneate-cylindric to cylindric, weakly or not inflated, 15–23(–27) mm, glabrous or minutely stipitate-glandular to sparsely glandular-villosulous, lobes triangular-acuminate. |
Capsules | included, 15–22 mm. |
included, 6–10 mm. |
Anthers | exserted, white-villous, thecae reflexed 45º. |
exserted, villous, thecae reflexed 45º. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Erythranthe verbenacea |
Erythranthe eastwoodiae |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering May–Sep(–Nov). |
Habitat | Stream edges and beds, flood plains, around seeps and springs, canyon bottoms, moist cliff crevices and ledges. | Seepages in sandstone overhangs, cave roofs, walls, crevices, and cliff bases, pinyon-juniper woodlands. |
Elevation | 300–2600 m. (1000–8500 ft.) | 900–2000 m. (3000–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
|
AZ; CO; NM; UT
|
Discussion | R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population at Vasey’s Paradise in the Grand Canyon (Coconino County), 32 miles downstream from Lees Ferry. Populations of Erythranthe verbenacea in the Oak Creek Canyon area in southern Coconino County, Arizona, have leaves with a narrow, lateral, undulating, purple stripe across the mid lamina. The coloration is retained even in dried specimens. In Utah, Erythranthe verbenacea is known only from the Zion Canyon area. Molecular (P. M. Beardsley et al. 2003) and morphological (G. L. Nesom 2014b) data indicate that Erythranthe verbenacea is sister to E. eastwoodiae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The range of Erythranthe eastwoodiae appears to be essentially contiguous with that of E. verbenacea in the Grand Canyon region, but there is no evidence of hybridization. Erythranthe eastwoodiae (as Mimulus eastwoodiae) is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 394. | FNA vol. 17, p. 394. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus verbenaceus, M. cardinalis var. verbenaceus, M. lugens | Mimulus eastwoodiae |
Name authority | (Greene) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) | (Rydberg) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) |
Web links |