Flora of North America species comparison

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Erythranthe verbenacea

Erythranthe dentata

crimson monkeyflower, pico Pajaro

coast monkeyflower, coastal monkey-flower, tooth-leaf monkey-flower
Habit Perennials, rhizomatous. Perennials, rhizomatous.
Stems

erect to decumbent, usually simple, weakly 4-angled, 20–60 cm, ± glandular-villous.

erect to erect-ascending, simple or few-branched, 15–40 cm, coarsely pilose to hirsute-pilose, glabrescent, internodes evident.
Leaves

cauline;

petiole 0 mm;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to obovate, rhombic-ovate, or broadly spatulate, 50–75 × 15–26(–30) mm, base subcordate, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only distally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces ± glandular-villous.

cauline;

petiole (0–)2–12 mm, not winged, distally sometimes sessile, subclasping;

blade pinnately veined, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-ovate, 25–75 mm, thick, base rounded to cuneate, margins coarsely dentate to serrate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces coarsely pilose to hirsute-pilose, glabrescent.
Flowers

herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes.

herkogamous, 1–5, from distal nodes.
Styles

glabrous.

glabrous.
Corollas

crimson, often yellow-tinged, palate ridges dark red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate;

tube-throat tubular, 25–35 mm, exserted 13–25 mm beyond calyx margin;

abaxial limb spreading, adaxial erect, lobe apex truncate, often emarginate, throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous.

yellow, palate and throat brown to reddish brown-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, ± bilabiate;

tube-throat funnelform, 15–26 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin;

throat open, palate villous, abaxial ridges low.
Fruiting pedicels

45–90(–150) mm.

12–25(–50) mm.
Fruiting calyces

campanulate, weakly inflated, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-villosulous to stipitate-glandular, lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, apex linear-triangular.

narrowly campanulate, not or weakly inflated, 9–14 mm, villous-hirsute on ribs.
Capsules

included, 15–22 mm.

included, 8–9 mm.
Anthers

exserted, white-villous, thecae reflexed 45º.

included, short villous-hirsute.
2n

= 16.

Erythranthe verbenacea

Erythranthe dentata
Phenology Flowering Jun–Sep. Flowering May–Aug.
Habitat Stream edges and beds, flood plains, around seeps and springs, canyon bottoms, moist cliff crevices and ledges. Stream banks.
Elevation 300–2600 m. (1000–8500 ft.) 20–400 m. (100–1300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population at Vasey’s Paradise in the Grand Canyon (Coconino County), 32 miles downstream from Lees Ferry.

Populations of Erythranthe verbenacea in the Oak Creek Canyon area in southern Coconino County, Arizona, have leaves with a narrow, lateral, undulating, purple stripe across the mid lamina. The coloration is retained even in dried specimens.

In Utah, Erythranthe verbenacea is known only from the Zion Canyon area.

Molecular (P. M. Beardsley et al. 2003) and morphological (G. L. Nesom 2014b) data indicate that Erythranthe verbenacea is sister to E. eastwoodiae.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Erythranthe dentata is distinctive and rarely misidentified.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 394. FNA vol. 17, p. 405.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Erythranthe Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms Mimulus verbenaceus, M. cardinalis var. verbenaceus, M. lugens Mimulus dentatus
Name authority (Greene) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 37. (2012) (Nuttall ex Bentham) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 41. (2012)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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