Erythranthe verbenacea
Erythranthe brachystylis
crimson monkeyflower, pico Pajaro
short-pedicel monkeyflower
erect to decumbent, usually simple, weakly 4-angled, 20–60 cm, ± glandular-villous.
erect, simple or branched from proximal to medial nodes, 4-angled, filiform to slightly thickened, not distinctly fistulose, 6–22 cm, glabrous.
cauline;
petiole 0 mm;
blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to obovate, rhombic-ovate, or broadly spatulate, 50–75 × 15–26(–30) mm, base subcordate, subclasping, margins coarsely serrate, sometimes only distally, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces ± glandular-villous.
basal and cauline;
petiole: proximals 1–8 mm, distals 0 mm;
blade palmately 3–5-veined, ovate to depressed-ovate or suborbicular, 10–40 × 6–25 mm, base truncate to subcordate, margins undulate, subentire, or weakly, irregularly dentate, apex rounded, surfaces: proximals and medials glabrous, distals villous, hairs thin-walled, flattened, vitreous and sharp-pointed, eglandular.
herkogamous, 2–12, axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes.
plesiogamous, 4–10, from medial to distal nodes, cleistogamous.
glabrous.
glabrous.
crimson, often yellow-tinged, palate ridges dark red, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate;
tube-throat tubular, 25–35 mm, exserted 13–25 mm beyond calyx margin;
abaxial limb spreading, adaxial erect, lobe apex truncate, often emarginate, throat open, palate ridges densely short-villous.
yellow, without red markings, weakly bilaterally or nearly radially symmetric, weakly bilabiate or nearly regular;
tube-throat narrowly cylindric, 7–9 mm, exserted 0–1 mm beyond calyx margin;
limb expanded 3 mm.
45–90(–150) mm.
5–10 mm in proximal axils, shorter than or equal to subtending leaves, 1–5 mm distally and flowers and fruits appearing sessile or subsessile, glabrous.
campanulate, weakly inflated, 20–28 mm, sparsely glandular-villosulous to stipitate-glandular, lobes triangular to ovate-triangular, apex linear-triangular.
red-tinged to sparsely purple-dotted or not, broadly elliptic-ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 10–13 mm, minutely hirtellous, throat not or slightly closing.
included, 15–22 mm.
included, stipitate, 4–5 mm.
exserted, white-villous, thecae reflexed 45º.
included, glabrous.
= 16.
Erythranthe verbenacea
Erythranthe brachystylis
R. K. Vickery (1992) noted that yellow-flowered morphs of Erythranthe verbenacea occur in a population at Vasey’s Paradise in the Grand Canyon (Coconino County), 32 miles downstream from Lees Ferry.
Populations of Erythranthe verbenacea in the Oak Creek Canyon area in southern Coconino County, Arizona, have leaves with a narrow, lateral, undulating, purple stripe across the mid lamina. The coloration is retained even in dried specimens.
In Utah, Erythranthe verbenacea is known only from the Zion Canyon area.
Molecular (P. M. Beardsley et al. 2003) and morphological (G. L. Nesom 2014b) data indicate that Erythranthe verbenacea is sister to E. eastwoodiae.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Erythranthe brachystylis is closely similar to E. arvensis. Plants of both are annual in duration and produce depressed-ovate leaves, the distal with vitreous-villous surfaces, and tiny corollas barely exserted from the calyx and probably cleistogamous. Vestiture of the distal leaves includes an admixture of eglandular sharp-pointed hairs, sometimes encountered in E. arvensis, though not typical, perhaps reflecting introgression from E. nasuta.
The distinction of Erythranthe brachystylis from E. arvensis is primarily in its foreshortened pedicels and more inflated fruiting calyces. The fruiting calyces appear to be subsessile or on pedicels shorter or only equaling the subtending leaves. The difference is essentially qualitative but produces a distinctive aspect.
Erythranthe brachystylis is known only from the type collection in Nye County, a region where E. arvensis has not been documented.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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