Erythranthe tilingii |
Erythranthe lewisii |
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larger mountain monkeyflower, mountain monkey-flower, Tiling's monkey-flower |
great purple monkey-flower, great purple or Lewis' monkeyflower, Lewis' monkey flower, pink monkey-flower, purple monkey-flower |
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Habit | Perennials, rhizomatous, solitary to weakly colonial, rhizomes forming a mass, yellowish, branching, filiform. | Perennials, rhizomatous. |
Stems | erect-ascending, usually freely branched, 2–35 cm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular to short glandular-villous. |
erect, usually simple, (15–)25–60(–75) cm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
Leaves | cauline; petiole 0–25 mm, distals 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, ovate to lanceolate-triangular or narrowly lanceolate (broadly ovate in large-leaved forms), 5–35(–55) mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins irregularly denticulate, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces glabrous, sparsely stipitate-glandular to short glandular-villous, glabrate, or sparsely to moderately villous, hairs thick-vitreous, eglandular. |
cauline; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately veined, elliptic to ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or broadly oblanceolate, (10–)25–75(–90) × 5–35 mm, base rounded to cuneate, subclasping, margins denticulate, subentire, or entire, apex acute, surfaces stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–3(–5), from distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–6(–10), axillary at leafy medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | hirtellous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | yellow, red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat broadly funnelform, 15–28 mm, exserted 5–10 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 14–30 mm. |
purple, rarely crimson, pale violet, white, pinkish white, yellowish white, or lavender, sometimes lined with red dots, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 22–28 mm, exserted beyond calyx margins; lobe apex usually truncate to shallowly convex, shallowly retuse, throat open. |
Fruiting pedicels | 15–35(–40) mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular to short glandular-villous. |
(25–)35–70 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous. |
Fruiting calyces | usually purple-tinged and purple-dotted, broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 11–15 mm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular to short glandular-villous, villous at sinuses, throat closing, lobes broadly ovate, abaxial usually longer than lateral, adaxial at least 2 times as long as others. |
broadly cylindric-campanulate, not inflated, 15–22 mm, stipitate-glandular to glandular-villous, tube 12–15(–17) × 9–12 mm. |
Capsules | included, 5–7 mm. |
included, 6–11 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, white-villous, thecae spreading. |
2n | = 28, 56. |
= 16. |
Erythranthe tilingii |
Erythranthe lewisii |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Sep. | Flowering Jun–Sep. |
Habitat | Seeps, springs, stream banks, shallow rivulets, cliff bases, ledges and crevices, steep gravelly slopes, wet meadows. | Stream banks, springs, wet meadows, subalpine slopes, talus, crevices, ditches. |
Elevation | 1400–3400 m. (4600–11200 ft.) | 600–2900(–3200) m. (2000–9500(–10500) ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; AB
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AK; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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Discussion | Plants of Erythranthe tilingii are characterized by their relatively low stature and stems arising from a system of thin rhizomes and producing mostly one to three large flowers each; they usually occur at relatively high elevations. Erythranthe tilingii sometimes has been considered to include one or several infraspecific entities; from within this taxonomic amalgam, four distinct species are recognized here: E. caespitosa, E. corallina, E. minor, and E. tilingii. Erythranthe corallina and E. minor probably are more closely related to E. guttata. The populations identified here as E. tilingii from northeastern Oregon northeast to Alberta and southeast to Utah may prove to be a separate (undescribed) species. Erythranthe tilingii in the strict sense is relatively widespread over the western United States and is sympatric with E. caespitosa and E. corallina. Leaves in E. tilingii are variable in size, and particularly in Idaho, they may approach the small size of those of E. caespitosa, but the leaf margins of E. tilingii are distinctly toothed, and the stems are taller and more erect. Across the range of the species, plants sometimes produce very large leaves, but these often occur on plants with characteristically smaller leaves. This wide variability in size apparently does not occur in E. caespitosa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe lewisii in California occurs in Modoc, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties. California records from Shasta County and south previously identified as E. lewisii are identified here as E. erubescens. The record for E. lewisii in Alaska is documented by this collection: Hyder [noted on handwritten label as "New to Alaska, Standley"], damp land, 27 June 1924, K. Whited 1291 (MO). Apparent exceptions to the characteristic flower color are these: white to lavender in Nevada (Clark County, Charleston Mountains, Train 2068, MO); pinkish white in Washington (Skamania and Yakima counties, Mt. Paddo, Suksdorf 5779, MO); white or tinged with yellow, in Wyoming (Teton County, as described by Nelson in the protologue of Mimulus lewisii var. tetonensis). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 408. | FNA vol. 17, p. 392. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus tilingii, M. caespitosus var. implexus, M. implexus, M. implicatus, M. langsdorffii var. tilingii, M. lucens, M. veronicifolius | Mimulus lewisii, M. lewisii var. tetonensis |
Name authority | (Regel) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) | (Pursh) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) |
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