Flora of North America species comparison

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Erythranthe tilingii

Erythranthe arenicola

larger mountain monkeyflower, mountain monkey-flower, Tiling's monkey-flower

beach monkeyflower
Habit Perennials, rhizomatous, solitary to weakly colonial, rhizomes forming a mass, yellowish, branching, filiform. Annuals, fibrous-rooted or slender-taprooted, rarely rooting at nodes.
Stems

erect-ascending, usually freely branched, 2–35 cm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular to short glandular-villous.

erect, rarely prostrate to prostrate-ascending, few-branched, 3–17 cm, moderately villous-glandular, hairs gland-tipped, or mixed hirtellous and stipitate-glandular.
Leaves

cauline;

petiole 0–25 mm, distals 0 mm;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, ovate to lanceolate-triangular or narrowly lanceolate (broadly ovate in large-leaved forms), 5–35(–55) mm, base cuneate to attenuate, margins irregularly denticulate, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, surfaces glabrous, sparsely stipitate-glandular to short glandular-villous, glabrate, or sparsely to moderately villous, hairs thick-vitreous, eglandular.

basal and cauline;

petiole: basal 2–8 mm or mid and distals absent;

blade palmately 3–5-veined, suborbicular to broadly ovate or depressed-ovate, 5–17 × 6–15 mm, base truncate or truncate-cuneate to subcordate, margins subentire or crenulate, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces moderately villous-glandular, hairs gland-tipped, or mixed hirtellous and stipitate-glandular.
Flowers

herkogamous, 1–3(–5), from distal nodes.

herkogamous, 1–6, at distal nodes, chasmogamous.
Styles

hirtellous.

hirtellous.
Corollas

yellow, red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate;

tube-throat broadly funnelform, 15–28 mm, exserted 5–10 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 14–30 mm.

yellow, red-dotted, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate;

tube-throat funnelform, 11–20 mm, exserted 4–8 mm beyond calyx margin;

limb expanded 10–18 mm.
Fruiting pedicels

15–35(–40) mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular to short glandular-villous.

9–17 mm, moderately villous-glandular, hairs gland-tipped, or mixed hirtellous and stipitate-glandular.
Fruiting calyces

usually purple-tinged and purple-dotted, broadly campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 11–15 mm, glabrous or sparsely stipitate-glandular to short glandular-villous, villous at sinuses, throat closing, lobes broadly ovate, abaxial usually longer than lateral, adaxial at least 2 times as long as others.

nodding, ovoid-campanulate, inflated, sagittally compressed, 9–16 mm, moderately villous-glandular, hairs gland-tipped, or mixed hirtellous and stipitate-glandular, throat closing.
Capsules

included, 5–7 mm.

included, 5–12 mm.
Anthers

included, glabrous.

included, glabrous.
2n

= 28, 56.

Erythranthe tilingii

Erythranthe arenicola
Phenology Flowering Jul–Sep. Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat Seeps, springs, stream banks, shallow rivulets, cliff bases, ledges and crevices, steep gravelly slopes, wet meadows. Sandy beaches, especially in moist hollows among dunes, sea cliff bases, chaparral near beaches, mudstone outcrops.
Elevation 1400–3400 m. (4600–11200 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; AB
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
CA
Discussion

Plants of Erythranthe tilingii are characterized by their relatively low stature and stems arising from a system of thin rhizomes and producing mostly one to three large flowers each; they usually occur at relatively high elevations. Erythranthe tilingii sometimes has been considered to include one or several infraspecific entities; from within this taxonomic amalgam, four distinct species are recognized here: E. caespitosa, E. corallina, E. minor, and E. tilingii. Erythranthe corallina and E. minor probably are more closely related to E. guttata. The populations identified here as E. tilingii from northeastern Oregon northeast to Alberta and southeast to Utah may prove to be a separate (undescribed) species.

Erythranthe tilingii in the strict sense is relatively widespread over the western United States and is sympatric with E. caespitosa and E. corallina. Leaves in E. tilingii are variable in size, and particularly in Idaho, they may approach the small size of those of E. caespitosa, but the leaf margins of E. tilingii are distinctly toothed, and the stems are taller and more erect. Across the range of the species, plants sometimes produce very large leaves, but these often occur on plants with characteristically smaller leaves. This wide variability in size apparently does not occur in E. caespitosa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

F. W. Pennell (1947, 1951) considered Erythranthe arenicola an endemic of Monterey County, but plants from adjacent San Luis Obispo and Santa Cruz counties also belong here. Most of the localities are at seaside, but some are more than a mile inland. Erythranthe arenicola is hypothesized here to be a derivative of E. guttata or E. grandis, retaining the herkogamous breeding system of its putative ancestor but reduced in size and duration.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 408. FNA vol. 17, p. 412.
Parent taxa Phrymaceae > Erythranthe Phrymaceae > Erythranthe
Sibling taxa
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arenicola, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
E. acutidens, E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. androsacea, E. arenaria, E. arvensis, E. barbata, E. bicolor, E. brachystylis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. calcicola, E. calciphila, E. cardinalis, E. carsonensis, E. charlestonensis, E. chinatiensis, E. cinnabarina, E. corallina, E. cordata, E. decora, E. dentata, E. diffusa, E. discolor, E. eastwoodiae, E. erubescens, E. exigua, E. filicaulis, E. filicifolia, E. floribunda, E. gemmipara, E. geniculata, E. geyeri, E. glaucescens, E. gracilipes, E. grandis, E. grayi, E. guttata, E. hallii, E. hardhamiae, E. hymenophylla, E. inamoena, E. inconspicua, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. laciniata, E. latidens, E. lewisii, E. linearifolia, E. marmorata, E. michiganensis, E. microphylla, E. minor, E. montioides, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. norrisii, E. nudata, E. palmeri, E. pardalis, E. parishii, E. parvula, E. patula, E. percaulis, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. purpurea, E. regni, E. rhodopetra, E. rubella, E. scouleri, E. shevockii, E. sierrae, E. suksdorfii, E. taylorii, E. thermalis, E. tilingii, E. trinitiensis, E. unimaculata, E. utahensis, E. verbenacea, E. washingtonensis, E. willisii
Synonyms Mimulus tilingii, M. caespitosus var. implexus, M. implexus, M. implicatus, M. langsdorffii var. tilingii, M. lucens, M. veronicifolius Mimulus guttatus subsp. arenicola
Name authority (Regel) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) (Pennell) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 43. (2012)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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