Erythranthe taylorii |
Erythranthe bicolor |
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Shasta limestone monkeyflower, Taylor's or Shasta limestone monkeyflower |
yellow and white monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, filiform-taprooted. | Annuals, taprooted. |
Stems | erect, straight at nodes, simple or few-branched from base, 5–10 cm, sparsely eglandular-villous proximally, becoming sparsely short stipitate-glandular distally. |
erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 4–30 cm, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
Leaves | usually cauline, basal not persistent, largest at mid stem or basal and mid stem to nearly even-sized; petiole 3–5(–8) mm; blade often purple adaxially, palmately 3–5-veined, broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 4–20 × 4–12 mm, base rounded to truncate, margins serrate-dentate, teeth 2–4 per side, shallow, apex rounded to obtuse or acute, surfaces: distals moderately short-stipitate-glandular. |
cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm or short-attenuate; blade 1-veined or palmately 3-veined (in broader ones), narrowly elliptic to linear-lanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, 10–30 × 2–6 mm at mid stem, base attenuate, margins entire or remotely shallowly dentate to mucronulate, teeth 1–4 per side, apex acute, surfaces densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
Flowers | herkogamous, sometimes plesiogamous, 2–6(–8), from proximal to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 2–8, from medial to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
minutely glandular. |
Corollas | yellow, throat ceiling sometimes red-spotted or -lined, abaxial limb yellow or with 1 or 2 red splotches, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 5–7 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin. |
yellow, adaxial lip white, sometimes yellow, throat and abaxial limb red-spotted, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 8–12 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb broadly expanded, lobes 2-fid, palate villous. |
Fruiting pedicels | divergent to arcuate-divergent, 6–13 mm. |
(5–)7–20(–30) mm, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped. |
Fruiting calyces | wing-angled, tubular-campanulate, 4–5 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, densely invested with tiny, waxy-white, eglandular, papillose hairs between angles, lobes pronounced, erect. |
red-dotted, strongly angled, cylindric-campanulate, (5–)7–12 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, densely glandular-puberulent, hairs 0.05–0.1 mm, gland-tipped, ribs corky, lobes pronounced, spreading. |
Capsules | included, 3–4 mm. |
included, 4–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, margins ciliate, glabrous. |
Erythranthe taylorii |
Erythranthe bicolor |
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Phenology | Flowering Feb–May. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Crevices in limestone cliff faces and outcrops. | Moist banks, serpentine and granite outcrops, seepage areas, volcanic mudflows, open red clay exposures. |
Elevation | 900–1100 m. (3000–3600 ft.) | (100–)400–1700(–2500) m. ((300–)1300–5600(–8200) ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
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CA
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Discussion | Erythranthe taylorii is known only from the Shasta Lake region of northwestern Shasta County. Its broad, distinctly bilabiate corollas and ovate leaf blades with palmate venation are similar to those of species of the northern group of sect. Mimulosma, the "Columbia River clade" (J. B. Whittall et al. 2006) of Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming, particularly to the Idaho endemic E. ampliata. Erythranthe taylorii is distinct from E. ampliata in its larger, papillose calyces, shorter fruiting pedicels, corollas with shorter tube-throats, and shorter capsules. Considerable corolla color variation exists in E. taylorii in the occurrence and density of red dots and lines on the throat ceiling and larger red splotches on the abaxial limb. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe bicolor ranges from Shasta and Trinity counties south to Tulare County; the identity of apparently disjunct populations in San Bernardino County needs to be reexamined. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 398. | FNA vol. 17, p. 390. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus bicolor | |
Name authority | G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2013-43: 6, figs. 5–7. (2013) — (as taylori) | (Hartweg ex Bentham) G. L. Nesom & N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 36. (2012) |
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