Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe scouleri |
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little purple monkeyflower, purple monkeyflower |
Columbia River monkey-flower, Scouler's monkey-flower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Perennials, rhizomatous, producing long, sparsely leafy runners from basal nodes. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 3–10 cm, minutely puberulent. |
erect, simple or few-branched, 15–80 cm, glabrous. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to lanceolate, 4–15 × 1–5 mm, base truncate to truncate-cordate, clasping, margins entire, sometimes toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent. |
cauline, basal usually not persistent; petiole: proximals and medial 10–25 mm (gradually merging into blade), distals 0 mm; blade palmately (3–)5–7-veined to subpinnate, (proximal to medial) oblong-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 25–60 × 8–18 mm, usually 3–4 times longer than wide, base attenuate, margins evenly, shallowly dentate or crenate to mucronate or mucronulate, teeth 10–20 per side, sometimes more deeply toothed at base, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–22, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, (1 or)2–8, from distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
minutely, prominently hirsutulous to villosulous. |
Corollas | pink to purple, adaxial limb darker than abaxial, abaxial limb with yellow markings, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to funnelform, 7–13 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7–10 mm, bilabiate, 3 abaxial lobes notched, 2 adaxial nearly entire, abaxial limb sparsely bearded. |
yellow, without red markings, bilaterally symmetric, bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 20–24 mm, exserted 10–15 mm beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 22–30 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to often spreading horizontally, 13–57(–70) mm. |
20–25 mm, glabrous. |
Fruiting calyces | becoming reddish, campanulate, 3–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, minutely puberulent, ribs thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, margins glabrous. |
ovoid, inflated, sagittally compressed, 13–14 mm, glabrous, throat closing. |
Capsules | included, 3–8 mm. |
unknown. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe scouleri |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Moist openings along streams, swales, and depressions, pine duff in yellow pine forests, margins of dry meadows. | Salt marshes, river banks. |
Elevation | 1900–2800 m. (6200–9200 ft.) | 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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OR; WA |
Discussion | Erythranthe purpurea is restricted to the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino County and is disjunct in the Sierra San Pedro Mártir in Baja California, Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Erythranthe scouleri is distinctive in its oblong-elliptic leaves with long-tapering bases and closely toothed margins, completely glabrous vestiture, long, leafy runners from basal cauline nodes, large corollas with broad limbs, and prominently hairy styles. Several features suggest a close relationship to E. decora, particularly its very large corollas, hairy styles, closely toothed leaf margins, tall, simple, and erect stems, numerous runners, and its geographic range. All collections apparently have been made near the mouth of the Columbia River in Clatsop and Columbia counties, Oregon (G. L. Nesom 2013d). Recent observations (Alexander John Wright, pers. comm.; photos http://www.inaturalist.org/observations/3537008) indicate that it also occurs in Wahkiakum County, Washington, in the Julia Butler Hansen Refuge. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 388. | FNA vol. 17, p. 415. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus purpureus, M. purpureus var. pauxillus | Mimulus scouleri, M. guttatus subsp. scouleri |
Name authority | (A. L. Grant) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (Hooker) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 44. (2012) |
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