Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe hymenophylla |
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little purple monkeyflower, purple monkeyflower |
thin-sepal monkeyflower |
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Habit | Annuals, taprooted. | Annuals, filiform-taprooted. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched from basal nodes, 3–10 cm, minutely puberulent. |
prostrate to ascending-erect, sharply bent at basal nodes, simple or few-branched, 5–25 cm, glandular-puberulent to glandular-villous, hairs 0.1–0.8 mm, vitreous, flattened, multicellular, gland-tipped. |
Leaves | cauline, basal not persistent; petiole 0 mm; blade palmately 3–5-veined, elliptic to lanceolate, 4–15 × 1–5 mm, base truncate to truncate-cordate, clasping, margins entire, sometimes toothed, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces minutely puberulent. |
basal and cauline, largest at mid stem; petiole 6–30 mm; blade pinnately veined, broadly lanceolate to ovate, 10–35 × 10–30 mm, distinctly membranous, base cuneate to shallowly cordate, margins coarsely dentate to shallowly denticulate or entire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glandular-puberulent to glandular-villous, hairs 0.1–0.8 mm, vitreous, flattened, multicellular, gland-tipped, glandular. |
Flowers | herkogamous, 1–22, from distal or medial to distal nodes. |
herkogamous, 1–6, from proximal to distal nodes. |
Styles | glabrous. |
glabrous. |
Corollas | pink to purple, adaxial limb darker than abaxial, abaxial limb with yellow markings, bilaterally symmetric, strongly bilabiate; tube-throat cylindric to funnelform, 7–13 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; limb expanded 7–10 mm, bilabiate, 3 abaxial lobes notched, 2 adaxial nearly entire, abaxial limb sparsely bearded. |
light yellow, throat and abaxial lobes red- or purple-spotted, sometimes with small white patches, bilaterally symmetric, weakly bilabiate; tube-throat funnelform, 10–14 mm, exserted beyond calyx margin; lobes obovate-oblong, apex rounded to truncate or notched. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to often spreading horizontally, 13–57(–70) mm. |
divergent at right angles from stem, usually closely paired, 10–45 mm, negatively phototropic, causing capsules to be pressed against a cliff face or crevice at time of dehiscence, glandular-puberulent to glandular-villous, hairs 0.1–0.8 mm, vitreous, flattened, multicellular, gland-tipped. |
Fruiting calyces | becoming reddish, campanulate, 3–8 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, minutely puberulent, ribs thickened, lobes pronounced, erect, margins glabrous. |
angled, tubular-campanulate, slightly inflated, 5–7 mm, margins distinctly toothed or lobed, sparsely stipitate-glandular, lobes pronounced, erect. |
Capsules | included, 3–8 mm. |
included, 3–6 mm. |
Anthers | included, glabrous. |
included, glabrous. |
2n | = 32. |
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Erythranthe purpurea |
Erythranthe hymenophylla |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Aug(–Sep). |
Habitat | Moist openings along streams, swales, and depressions, pine duff in yellow pine forests, margins of dry meadows. | Steep, seasonally moist, basalt cliffs with west or southwest exposure, mesic coniferous forests. |
Elevation | 1900–2800 m. (6200–9200 ft.) | 800–1300 m. (2600–4300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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ID; MT; OR |
Discussion | Erythranthe purpurea is restricted to the San Bernardino Mountains in San Bernardino County and is disjunct in the Sierra San Pedro Mártir in Baja California, Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In the protologue, R. J. Meinke observed that plants of Erythranthe hymenophylla have reflexed fruiting pedicels that increase seed dispersal back onto the vertical cliff wall, the characteristic habitat of the species. The hanging habit of E. hymenophylla is reflected in a sharp (90º to 180º) bend in the basal nodes and the long pedicels that are closely paired and divergent in parallel at about right angles from the stem. The species also is characterized by it very short calyx to corolla length, relatively short capsules, and large seeds. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 388. | FNA vol. 17, p. 397. |
Parent taxa | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe | Phrymaceae > Erythranthe |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Mimulus purpureus, M. purpureus var. pauxillus | Mimulus hymenophyllus |
Name authority | (A. L. Grant) N. S. Fraga: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 35. (2012) | (Meinke) G. L. Nesom: Phytoneuron 2012-39: 38. (2012) |
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